Notes on Kenneth Burke's Dramatistic Perspective

Kenneth Burke's Dramatistic Perspective

Language as a Mode of Action

• Language is composed of symbols.

• The use of symbols constitutes action.

• This concept relates to Speech Act Theory.

• Language functions as Symbolic Action. Naming, defining, describing, comparing, contrasting and moralizing are all examples of language as symbolic action.

• Language constructs our perceived "Reality".

• Language, therefore, is Symbolic Action.

Selection, Deflection, & Reflection

• Burke’s Dictum: Any "Selection" of reality also constitutes a "Deflection" of reality, as well as a "Reflection" of it.

  • Selection: When we "select" specific terms/words to express ourselves.

  • Deflection: In selecting certain terms, we inevitably "deflect" the use of, and turn attention away from, other terms/words.

  • Reflection: Both "selection" and "deflection" "reflect" our personal views of "reality."

Examples of Selection & Deflection

• "Illegal Aliens" OR "Undocumented Workers"

• "Convicted Felon" OR "Justice-Involved Person"

• "Suicide Bombers" OR "Homicide Bombers"

• These choices can lead to "TRAINED INCAPACITIES".

Motion vs. Action

• Motion vs. Action

  • Plants and animals "move."

  • Humans both "move" and "act."

  • Symbolic action involves interpretation and analysis.

  • Action implies intention.

  • Intention implies motive.

  • Analyzing Symbolic Action helps us understand motives.

Life as Drama

• Burke: “Life is Drama.”

  • "Drama" arises from "Conflict."

  • Conflict stems from different symbolic actions.

  • "Conflict" results from "Division."

  • We are divided from one another because of our unique central nervous systems and life experiences.

  • We use different "symbols" for different "actions."

  • "Division" creates a need for "Consubstantiality."

  • "Consubstantiality" = common substance.

  • "Identification" focuses on our "Consubstantiality."

  • We "Identify" with others based on shared "Substance(s)."

Dramatistic Pentad

• A tool for analyzing motivations behind actions, consisting of five key elements:

  • ACT (WHAT?): Names what took place, in thought or deed.

  • SCENE (WHEN? WHERE?): The setting/background in which the act took place.

  • AGENT (WHO?): The person or kind of person that performed the act.

  • AGENCY (HOW?): The means/method that was/were used.

  • PURPOSE (WHY?): The reason for the act.