Anatomy midterm

Given pictures of a body in anatomical position… (fill-in-the-blank or multiple choice)

šDescribe the orientation of the knee in relation to the belly button.

šState the lobe directly posterior to the frontal lobe.

šWhich plane is parallel to the median plane?

šWhich orientation provides a bird’s eye view of vocal folds?

What functions would be affected by an injury to the temporal lobe? (multiple choice)

Why is it helpful for a speech-language pathologist to understand that different areas of the brain perform different functions? (Multiple choice and given this information with the question, “An ischemic CVA (cerebrovascular accident / stroke) arises when blood flow to the brain is blocked by a blood clot or a piece of fatty plaque that has broken off from the inside of a blood vessel. When blood can’t reach brain tissue, the tissue is at risk of being damaged or dying. This is why an ischemic stroke may cause brain damage, disability, or death.”)

What are the 4 types of tissues? (Matching pairs)

Tissue aggregate definition (fill-in-the blank)

A _______ is a type of tissue aggregate important for phonation because they connect cartilages to each other. An intrinsic _____ connects cartilages to one another within the larynx.

Tissue type identification (fill-in-the blank)

The epiglottis is this type of tissue: _______. Like the thyroid _______, it is also unpaired in the larynx.

The hyoid is this type of tissue: _______. It is the only one of its kind attached to laryngeal structures.

Boyle’s Law: Given a gas of constant temperature, an increase in the volume of the chamber in which the gas is contained causes the pressure to increase or decrease

Given this formula P = F/A where P = Pressure, F = Force, and A = Area

What is the relationship between pressure and area? (multiple choice)

How does this formula help explain why diaphragm contraction contributes to decreased pressure inside the lungs? (Open-ended)

How does a drop in alveolar pressure drive expiration? (multiple choice)

Inhalation of air beyond a tidal inspiration is called ______. You can feel this extra volume with this exercise: Take a few tidal quiet breaths in and out. After a few inspirations and expirations like this, stop breathing at the end of an inspiration and breathe in as deeply as you can right after tidal inspiration. You have to resist the urge to breathe out to take in this additional inspiration. (Multiple choice)

Is it possible to completely empty adult lungs or air through exhalation? (Y/N)

What major muscle is responsible for inspiration? (True/False)

Additional True/False question about contraction and movement

Identifying 5 important pressures of the respiratory system: Atmospheric, Intraoral, Subglottal pressure, Alveolar (pulmonic), Intrapleural pressure (Matching pairs)

What is the result of relaxing the muscles used for inspiration? (Multiple choice)

Speech involves a relatively constant supply of _________ (multiple choice) as well as microcontrol of this pressure to add stress to syllables.

What is one characteristic of an unpaired cartilage? (multiple choice showing multiple correct answers)

Name one unpaired cartilage: ______ (fill-in-the-blank)

Describe the two processes of the arytenoid cartilages (Open-ended with image of arytenoids and relevant structures)

Question about the thyroid cartilage and portion often referred to as the Adam’s apple (multiple choice)

Extra Credit

Justin Bieber and Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

- Be comfortable with the terms related to laterality when describing an image

F.A.S.T.

— Know what each letter stands for in this acronym about recognizing the signs of a possible stroke