physics unit 1 Sem 2
Center of gravity - An imaginary point in a body of matter where the total weight of the body is thought to be concentrated.
Translational motion - The center of gravity moves from one location to another location. Caused by a net force. Force is the ability to cause an acceleration of an object.
Rotational motion - The object moves in circular motion about its center of gravity. Caused by a net torque.
Torque - the ability of a force to cause an angular acceleration of an object.
Clockwise - in the same direction as the way in which the hands of a clock move around.
Counterclockwise - in the opposite direction as the way in which the hands of a clock move around.
Pivot - the point where the object will rotate
Fulcrum - the point where the object will rotate
Axis of rotation - the point where the object will rotate
Units of torque - N x m
Static equilibrium - occurs when the object is in translational equilibrium AND rotational equilibrium.
Translational equilibrium - occurs when the net external force acting on an object is zero, resulting in the object either remaining stationary or moving at a constant velocity in a straight line (no acceleration).
Rotational equilibrium - occurs when a system has a constant angular velocity (either at rest or rotating at a constant speed) and a net torque of zero.
Period - the time it takes to make one full revolution.
Centripetal acceleration - An object is in uniform circular motion is always changing velocity. When an object is in uniform circular motion, the acceleration is always pointed toward the object’s center.
Centripetal force - is the horizontal component of the normal force. The vertical component of the normal force balances the car’s weight.
Gravitational field strength - measures the force of gravity experienced per unit mass at a specific point in a gravitational field, and is measured in Newtons per kilogram (N/kg).
Universal Law of Gravitation - F = (G)(m1)(m2)/r²
Universal Gravitation Constant - 6.67 × 10^-11 m3 kg−1 s−2