CPAR 1ST QUARTER

CPAR REVIEWER

REGION 6

Region 6 consists of the islands of Western Visayas. It consists of six provinces: Aklan, Antique, Negros Occidental, Capiz, Guimaras and Iloilo. The center of the regional office is in Iloilo City. Among the 16 cities in the region that make it as the region with the highest number of cities, there are also 2 highly urbanized cities that make this up: Bacolod City and the Iloilo City

These are the cities that make up Western Visayas Region, also known as Region 6:

  1. Roxas City
  2. Iloilo City
  3. Passi City
  4. Bacolod City
  5. Bago City
  6. Cadiz City
  7. Escalante City
  8. Himamaylan City
  9. Kabankalan City
  10. La Carlota City
  11. Sagay City
  12. San Carlos City

FESTIVALS

  • ATI-ATIHAN IN KALIBO AKLAN
  • SINADYA SA HALARAN IN CAPIZ
  • MANGGAHAN IN GUIMARAS
  • DINAGYANG IN ILOILO
  • MASSKARA IN NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

ATI-ATIHAN FESTIVAL (Kalibo, Aklan)

  • Every 3rd Sunday of January
  • Revelers in colorful costumes and bodies painted black and their faces made up grotesquely.
  • A celebration of the treaty between the Ati and Malayan tribes who settled in the island. When the Spaniards settled in the region and converted the Malays to Christian religion.
  • The festivity was celebrated in honor of the Holy Child- Sto.Nino.

MANGGAHAN SA GUIMARAS FESTIVAL

  • An identity festival of the province
  • Celebrated every April 16-20 for the sustained promotion of Mango Industry.
  • Manggahan culminates in a grand showcase of cultural festivals in a bid to show the world that there is more to Guimaras than its sweet, fiber and pest-free mangos.

DINAGYANG FESTIVAL

  • A religious and cultural festival in Iloilo City
  • Held on the 4th weekend of January
  • Held to honor the Santo Nino and To celebrate the arrival on Panay of Malay settlers and the subsequent selling of the island to them by the Alis.

ASWANG FESTIVAL

  • The town people celebrate their Annual Festival or called it the Aswang Festival which is celebrated every 29th and 30th day in the month of October.
  • This includes the parade of participants donning the foremost dreadful costumes like "kapre", "wak-wak", and "tikbalang”.



BINIRAYAN FESTIVAL

  • Celebrated every December 27 to 29
  • It was started in San Jose 34 years ago by the late Gov. Evelio Javier, brother of former Congressman now Gov. Exequiel B.
  • A week-long festivities of colorful street parades, beach shows, plaza concerts and beauty concerts. "Binirayan" biray or "sailboat" in Kinaray-a.

MASSKARA FESTIVAL

  • It gives the people of Negros, as well as local foreign visitors, a chance to drink and be merry for 20 days.
  • Originally designed to show the hardships of the people of Negros Has become a tool of escapism and a way to generate revenues for big business.
  • Celebrated during October 1-20

WHAT IS ART?

It is the expression or application of human creative skill and imagination, producing works to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or emotional power.

Art through the Ages:

Greek Period -Techniques Roman Period-Skills

  • Christian Period-Craftsmanship
  • Renaissance Period - Genius and Design
  • Modern Period - Fine Arts
  • Romantic Period - Self Expression
  • Contemporary Era - New Art Forms



WHAT IS CONTEMPORARY ART?

  • Contemporary Art is the art that springs out of the Present-day events and passions of the society.
  • It was developed in the 1950s -present time.
  • It is the newest form of art.

Why is it important?

Contemporary Art is essential because it belongs to your time but it also serves a form of expression of the people's present feelings and longings,

CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS

  • DANCE
  • MUSIC
  • VISUAL ARTS
  • THEATER
  • LITERARY
  • ARTS/LITERATURE
  • ARCHITECTURE
  • FILM

DANCE

  • It is the art of the human form, the body is used, mobilized and choreographed in a specific time, form and space.

MUSIC

  • It is the art form that combines vocal and instrumental sound to create a composition.

THEATER

  • It is the art form of performance. Dramatic text is portrayed on the stage by actors and actresses and is enhanced by props, lights and sounds.

LITERARY ARTS/LITERATURE

  • It is the art form of language through the combined use of words, creating meaning and experience.

MODULE 2: Discuss Various Art Forms Found in the Philippines

VARIOUS ART FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES:

  • VISUAL ARTS LITERATURE
  • MUSIC
  • THEATER
  • FILM
  • DANCE
  • ARCHITECTURE

MUSIC INSTRUMENTS OF FILIPINOS USED:

  1. FLAT GONG

- commonly known as Gangsa and played by the groups in the Cordillera region of the bossed gongs played among the Islam and animist groups in the Southern Philippines.

  1. SOLIBAO

- is hollow wooden gorot drug topped with pig skin or lizard skin that is played by striking the drum head using the palm of the hand.



  1. TONGATONG

- is a bamboo percussion instrument used by the people of Kalinga to communicate with spirits during house blessings. It is made of bamboo cut in various lengths. When you hit it against soft earth a certain drone reverberates through the instrument's open mouth. When an entire set of Tongatong is played in interloping rhythm and prolonged with the tribal chanting, it could put the audience and the dancers in a trance.

  1. DIWDIW-ASIS

- five or more different sizes of slender bamboo that is tied together.



  1. SAGGEYPOIT

- is a bamboo pipe that is closed on one end by a node with the open end held against the lower lip of the player as he blows directly across the top. The pipe can be played individually by one person or in ensembles of three or more.

  1. BUNGKAKA (Bamboo buzzer)
  2. KULINTANG

- refers to a racked gong chime instrument played in the southern islands of the Philippines, along with its varied accompanying ensembles.



  1. RONDALLA

- is performed in ensembles comprising mandolin instruments of various sizes called banduria composed in the Iberian tradition.



SONGS PLAYED BY FILIPINOS

  1. OPM (Original Pilipino Music)

- originally referred only to Philippine pop songs, particularly ballads.



  1. HARANA AND KUNDIMAN

- In the 1920s Harana and Kundiman became more mainstream musical styles.

  1. KUNDIMAN

- awiting may tema Ng pag-ibig na malungkot mabagal.

MODULE 3

II. ISLAMIC ERA

III.SPANISH ERA

IV.AMERICAN ERA

V. JAPANESE ERA

II. ISLAMIC ERA (13T CENTURY TO THE PRESENT)

Islamic is characterized by geometric designs and pattern selecting focus from the believers. Even before the coming of Spanish colonizers, Islam was already well entrenched in the Southern Philippines. Filipino Muslims recognize that they belong to an ummah or a community of believers.

Islamic Era focuses on geometric designs.

Geometric designs

  • is a fun trend that focuses on the simplistic beauty of mixing certain shapes, lines and curves together for creative results.

Happenings during Islamic era

  1. Quran or holy text was introduced
  2. Building of religious school called Madrasah
  3. Natives from Yakans, Basilan and Zamboanga were converted to Islam.
  4. The Islamization process In Mindanao became strong.
  5. Islam became the religion and as a way of life of people in Mindanao:
  • Tausug
  • Maranao
  • Maguindanao
  • Yakan
  • Samal
  • Badjao

III. SPANISH ERA (1521-1898)

Art became a handmaiden of religion, serving to propagate the Catholic faith and thus support the colonial order at the same time. Religious orders were dispatched to convert the natives to Catholicism as part of the larger project culturally as religious art, lowland Christian art or folk art. The Spanish era teaches about faith and catechism of the Catholic Church.



Famous Artists and their artworks during Spanish era:

Visual Arts:

Damian Domingo

  • watercolor albums of tipos

Juan Luna

  • Spoliarium, Espana y Filipinas



Felix Resurrection Hidalgo

  • Vírgenes cristianas expuestas al populacho



Lorenzo Guerrero

  • The Water Carrier



Simon Flores

  • Portrait of the Quiazon Family



Jose Dans

  • Heaven, Earth, Hell

Esteban Villanueva

  • Basi Revolt

Miniature painters:

  • Antonio Malantic
  • Isidro Arceo
  • Dionesio de Castro
  • Justiniano Assuncion

Engraver:

  • Francisco Suarez
  • Nicolas Engraver
  • Laureano Atlas
  • Felipe Sevilla



Musician - Composer:

  • Marcelo Adonay

Theater artist:

  • Honorata "Atang" dela Rama

Writers:

  • Severino Reyes - Zarzuela
  • Hermogenes llagan - Zarzuela
  • Gaspar Aquino de Belen - Senakulo



IV. AMERICAN ERA -1898-1940

(TO THE POST WAR REPUBLIC (1946-1969)



In the American regime, commercial and advertising arts were integrated into the fine arts curriculum. Moreover, Americans favored idyllic sceneries and secular forms of arts. Because the lingua franca of this period was English, poems and stories from books were dramatized in the classroom, to facilitate the teaching of the English language. Unlike the Spanish, the Americans passionately taught their language through an efficient public school system.



Figure painting and portrait in oils and pastels was their most contribution. The American era emphasizes secular forms of arts.



Famous Artist during American Era

Juan Abad (1902)

  • Tanikalang Ginto (Golden Chain)
  • It showcases the theme of nationalism and love for independence and culture.

Juan Matapang Cruz

  • Hindi ako Patay (l am Not Dead) 1903
  • is about the love of Karangalan (Honor) and Tangulan (Defender). It is a full length drama.



Aurelio Tolentino-Kahapon

  • Ngayon at Bukas Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow)
  • A drama originally written in Tagalog and its focus is the triumph of Inang Bayan (motherland).

Lino Castillejo (author)

  • A Modern Filipina

Jesus Araullo (author)

  • A Modern Filipina

Daniel Burnham (architect)

  • He design Manila and Baguio

William Parsons

  • implanted Burnham Plan- an urban designed Neoclassic Architecture.

Thomas Mapua (no mentioned works)

Andres Luna de San Pedro

  • Filipino architects who designed buildings during the period.

Antonio Toledo (no mentioned works)

Fabian dela Rosa (naturalists Painter)

  • Planting Rice (1921)
  • El Kundiman(1930)

Fernado Amorsolo

  • romantic painter, graphic artist and logo designer.

Guillermo Tolentino (sculpture)

  • Oblation (1935) UP Oblation, Bonifacio Monument (1933).



V. JAPANESE ERA 1941-1945



Since the Japanese advocated for the culture of East Asia, preference was given to the indigenous art and traditions of the Philippines. This emphasized their propaganda in Asia. Under the Japanese occupation of Manila, the Modern Art Project would slow down in pace. Early moderns and conservatives alike continued to produce art and even participated in KALIBAPI (Kapisanan sa Paglingkod ng Bagong Pilipinas) sponsored art competitions.



In the Japanese Era, paintings are used for propaganda. They contributed:

  • Tea ceremony
  • Calligraphy
  • flower arrangement
  • gardening

Famous artists and their artworks during Japanese era

Fernado Amorsolo (painting)

  • Harvest scene, 1942
  • Rice Plating, 1942
  • Bombing of the Intendencia (1942)
  • Ruins of Manila Cathedral (1945)

Sylvia La Torre (song)

  • Sa kabukiran



Levi Celerio (composer)

  • Sa Kabukiran



Felipe P. de Leon (composer)

  • Awit sa Paglikha ng Bagong Pilipinas



Crispin Lopez (painting)

  • Study of an Aeta (1943)



Diosdado Lorenzo (painting)

  • Atrocities in Paco



Dominador Castaneda (painting)

  • Doomed Family (1945)