3.1 Leadership & Project Management

Page 1: Introduction to Leadership

• Discussion Topic: Definition of Leadership

Page 2: Leadership Definition

• Definition: Exercise of influence on organizational members and other stakeholders toward the identification and achievement of the organization’s vision and goals.

• Key Points:

  • Leadership is successful when it contributes positively to organizational progress.

  • Ethical leadership is characterized by supportiveness and facilitation, avoiding persuasion, manipulation, or coercion (OLF, 2013).

Page 3: Types of Power in Leadership

• Legitimate Power: Authority held due to formal position within an organization.

• Expert Power: Based on special knowledge or skills that can benefit a group.

• Coercive Power: The ability to enforce compliance through physical strength or persuasive argument.

• Reward Power: Based on the ability to reward or punish others for compliance or non-compliance.

• Referent Power: Influence stemming from personal characteristics that others identify with.

Page 4: Project Management Process

• Stages of Project Management:

  • Initiating

  • Planning

  • Executing

  • Monitoring

  • Closing

  • Delivering and reflecting on the process

  • Identifying tasks & tracking progress.

Page 5: Responsibilities of Leadership

• Key Responsibilities:

  • Delegating

  • Planning

  • Initiating

  • Decision-making

  • Coordinating

  • Communication

  • Evaluation

  • And additional responsibilities.

Page 6: Understanding Project Management

• Organizational Planning: Preparing for new projects and effective management.

• Project Examples:

  • Setting up a new IT system

  • Relocating company operations

  • Installing new machinery

  • Marketing products in new countries

  • Building a factory.

Page 7: Basic Elements of Projects

• Four Basic Elements:

  • Resources: People, equipment, and materials needed for the project.

  • Time: Duration and scheduling of activities and overall project.

  • Money: Budget management to remain within financial constraints.

  • Scope: Overall size and scale of the project along with specific objectives.

Page 8: Tools of Organizational Planning

• Four Key Tools:

  • Fishbone Diagram

  • Decision Tree

  • Lewin’s Force-Field Analysis

  • Gantt Charts.

Page 9: Fishbone Diagram

• Purpose: Visual representation for analyzing cause and effect.

• Usage: Helps to identify possible causes of a problem, enabling quick resolution.

• Structure: The problem or effect appears at the head or mouth of the fish diagram.

Page 10: Issues Related to Low Quality

• Common Problems Identified by Fishbone Diagram:

  • Low-Quality Items

  • Long Checkout Times

  • Frequent Stockouts

  • Complicated Return Procedures

  • Inadequate Training

  • Unfriendly Service.

Page 11: Decision Tree

• Description: A diagram starting with a single node that branches into various possible outcomes. Each outcome leads to further nodes, illustrating subsequent possibilities in a tree-like structure.

Page 12: Simple Flow Chart Example

• Process to Check Computer Issues:

  1. Press the computer's power button.

  2. Check if the power light is on:

     • YES: Continue to check error messages.

     • NO: Check if the computer turns on.

  3. Troubleshoot as necessary until the issue is resolved or technician is called.

Page 13: Lewin’s Force-Field Analysis

• Concept: To implement change, driving forces must surpass restraining forces.

• Application: Used in business to evaluate factors affecting process modifications for improvement.

Page 14: Forces for Change in Lewin’s Analysis

• Driving Forces:

  • Efficiency (3)

  • Improved customer service (3)

  • Improved internal communications (2)

  • Improved supplier communication (2) Total: 10

• Restraining Forces:

  • Cost of IT system and training (4)

  • Staff losses (3)

  • Staff concerns about new technology (2)

  • Environmental impact (2) Total: 11

Page 15: Gantt Chart Overview

• Definition: A bar chart used to illustrate a project's schedule and track progress.

• Usage: Helps plan by showing tasks, start and end dates.

Page 16: Gantt Chart Details

• Task Timeline:

  • Planning

  • Research

  • Design

  • Implementation

  • Follow up

• Timeline: Q1 2015 to Q3 2015.