OOP

1.

Encapsulation - It is used to hide the complete mechanism of how the implementation is taking place. it helps to use entity called class, which contains attributes and methods

It helps to secure our data by protecting it from direct access by unauthorised entities. It uses access specifiers to protect the internal state of our objects from outside entities

2.

Abstraction- is used to simplify the complex working of a class or method by hiding unnecessary details and only highlighting the important details at the forefront. It helps users to interact with the system properly without worrying about how everything is working here.

3.

Polymorphism - it is a method in OOP principles that tells that class or entity occurs in different forms. Polymorphism means to exist in many forms

4.

Inheritance - it helps us to use the features and properties of an existing class in another class. The child class can use the features of the parent class. It promotes code re-usability.

Parent class is the class being inherited from, also

called base class.

 Child class is the class that inherits from another class,

also called derived clas