CDI445 Final6

Goal Writing Flashcards

Front: What are the two main types of therapy goals?
Back: Long-term goals and short-term goals.

Front: What is a long-term goal?
Back: A long-term goal summarizes the communication behavior you want to see at the end of therapy.

Front: What is a short-term goal?
Back: A short-term goal is a building block that helps the client reach the long-term goal.

Front: Why are short-term goals important?
Back: They break a larger therapy goal into smaller, measurable steps.

Goal Writing Rules

Front: What three parts should a good goal include?
Back: A “do statement,” a condition, and a criterion.

Front: What is a “do statement” in goal writing?
Back: It states what the child will do using an active, measurable verb.

Front: Give examples of measurable verbs for a do statement.
Back: Will produce, will imitate, will identify, will name, will point to, or will use.

Front: What is a condition in goal writing?
Back: The condition explains under what circumstances the behavior will occur.

Front: Give examples of conditions in goals.
Back: With verbal models, given picture cues, given visual aids, or when shown action cards.

Front: What is a criterion in goal writing?
Back: The criterion explains how much or how well the child must perform for the goal to be met.

Front: Give examples of criteria in goals.
Back: In 8 out of 10 trials, 5 times in a 15-minute conversation, or with 80% accuracy over 3 trials.

Front: Why should goals use active, measurable verbs?
Back: So the therapist can clearly observe and measure whether the client met the goal.

SMART Goals

Front: What does SMART stand for?
Back: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-based.

Front: What does “specific” mean in a SMART goal?
Back: The goal clearly states what skill is being targeted.

Front: What does “measurable” mean in a SMART goal?
Back: The goal can be counted or scored.

Front: What does “attainable” mean in a SMART goal?
Back: The goal is realistic for the client to achieve.

Front: What does “relevant” mean in a SMART goal?
Back: The goal targets a skill that is meaningful for the client’s communication needs.

Front: What does “time-based” mean in a SMART goal?
Back: The goal includes a timeframe or performance expectation for when it should be achieved.

Front: How general should therapy goals be?
Back: Goals should be general enough to target skills in multiple ways but specific enough to clearly show what is being targeted.

Front: Why must goals be attainable?
Back: Because they should reflect what the client can realistically achieve.

Semantic Goals

Front: What do semantic goals target?
Back: Word meaning, vocabulary, object naming, descriptions, categories, and relationships between words.

Front: What is an example of a semantic goal involving named objects?
Back: Macy will point to named objects when given a field of 3 with 75% accuracy across 3 consecutive sessions.

Front: What is an example of a semantic goal involving classroom objects?
Back: Jamie will name classroom objects given 1 verbal cue in 13/14 opportunities.

Front: What is an example of a semantic goal involving descriptions?
Back: Lucy will find an object when given a description with no cues in 50% of opportunities.

Front: What is an example of a semantic goal involving synonyms?
Back: Jacob will provide the correct synonym of a word given visual aids in 7/10 opportunities.

Morphology Goals

Front: What do morphology goals target?
Back: Word parts that change meaning or grammar, such as plural -s, past tense, possessives, and present progressive -ing.

Front: What is an example of a morphology goal involving plural -s?
Back: Kristen will use plural -s in conversational speech when given a visual scene with 80% accuracy.

Front: What is an example of a morphology goal involving irregular past tense?
Back: Russ will use correct irregular past tense words with no cues in 15/20 opportunities.

Front: What is an example of a morphology goal involving present progressive -ing?
Back: The client will use present progressive -ing in sentences when shown action cards with 90% accuracy across a set of 20 pictures.

Front: What does plural -s show?
Back: It shows more than one, such as cats, dogs, or books.

Front: What does present progressive -ing show?
Back: It shows an action that is happening now, such as running, eating, or jumping.

Front: What are irregular past tense words?
Back: Past tense words that do not follow the regular -ed pattern, such as went, ate, or ran.

Syntax Goals

Front: What do syntax goals target?
Back: Sentence structure, word order, grammar, and sentence complexity.

Front: What is an example of a syntax goal involving compound sentences?
Back: Keith will use compound sentences using and, but, or, etc., when given two sentence prompts on 7/10 opportunities.

Front: What are compound sentences?
Back: Sentences that combine two ideas using words such as and, but, or, or so.

Front: What is an example of a syntax goal involving subject-verb agreement?
Back: Kayla will use correct subject-verb agreement in sentences to describe or respond to questions about an activity, picture, or story with 50% accuracy.

Front: What is subject-verb agreement?
Back: When the subject and verb match correctly, such as “She runs” instead of “She run.”

Pragmatic Goals

Front: What do pragmatic goals target?
Back: Social communication skills, such as joint attention, conversation, sarcasm, topic maintenance, and turn-taking.

Front: What is an example of a pragmatic goal involving joint attention?
Back: Jennifer will demonstrate joint attention with a preferred object for 5 minutes during a therapy session.

Front: What is joint attention?
Back: Joint attention occurs when two people focus on the same object or activity and share attention.

Front: What is an example of a pragmatic goal involving sarcasm?
Back: Rickey will correctly identify sarcasm when given a sentence in 6/10 opportunities.

Front: What is an example of a pragmatic goal involving conversational turns?
Back: Cindy will complete a minimum of 5 conversational turns when given an unpreferred topic.

Front: What are conversational turns?
Back: Back-and-forth exchanges between communication partners during a conversation.

Good or Bad Goal Practice

Front: Is this a good goal? “Adam will verbally request desired actions or objects from peers or caregivers with minimal prompting at least 5 times during a session.”
Back: Good goal. It includes what Adam will do, the condition/support level, and a measurable criterion.

Front: Why is Adam’s goal considered measurable?
Back: Because it states that he will request desired actions or objects at least 5 times during a session.

Front: Is this a good goal? “Jessie will use correct semantics during a conversation with no cues with 80% accuracy.”
Back: Weak goal. “Correct semantics” is too broad and unclear. It should specify the exact semantic skill being targeted.

Front: How could Jessie’s goal be improved?
Back: Jessie will define age-appropriate vocabulary words during conversation with no cues with 80% accuracy across 3 sessions.

Front: Is this a good goal? “Natalie will use plural -s during free play.”
Back: Weak goal. It names the skill and condition, but it does not include a measurable criterion.

Front: How could Natalie’s goal be improved?
Back: Natalie will use plural -s during free play in 8 out of 10 opportunities across 3 sessions.

Front: Is this a good goal? “John will use 3-4 word utterances during conversation given visual aids making up 75% of his utterances.”
Back: Mostly good, but it could be clearer. It includes the target, condition, and criterion, but the wording should be more direct.

Front: How could John’s goal be improved?
Back: John will use 3- to 4-word utterances during conversation given visual aids in 75% of his utterances across 3 sessions.

Quick Review Flashcards

Front: What part of a goal tells what the child will do?
Back: The do statement.

Front: What part of a goal tells when or with what support the behavior will happen?
Back: The condition.

Front: What part of a goal tells when the goal is met?
Back: The criterion.

Front: What kind of verbs should goals use?
Back: Active and measurable verbs.

Front: Why should goals not be too vague?
Back: Because vague goals are difficult to measure and do not clearly show what skill is being targeted.

Front: Why should goals not be too narrow?
Back: Because they should allow the skill to be targeted in multiple useful ways.

Front: What type of goal targets vocabulary and meaning?
Back: Semantic goal.

Front: What type of goal targets word parts like plural -s or -ing?
Back: Morphology goal.

Front: What type of goal targets sentence structure?
Back: Syntax goal.

Front: What type of goal targets social communication?
Back: Pragmatic goal.