properties of solids

Ions

  • Ion Definition: consist of ions held together by ionic bonds
  • Ion Force: Electrostatic attraction
  • Ion General Properties: Hard, brittle, high MP, poor conductor of heat & electricity

Molecular

  • Molecular Definition: consist of atoms or molecules held together by van der Waals forces and/or hydrogen bonding
  • Molecular Force: Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding
  • Molecular General Properties: Soft, low MP, poor conductor of heat & electricity

Covalent

  • Covalent Definition: structures in which atoms are held together entirely by covalent bonds in an extensive

    3-D network

  • Covalent Force: Covalent bond

  • Covalent General Properties: Hard, high MP, poor conductor of heat and electricity

Metallic

  • Metallic Definition: every lattice point in the crystal is occupied by an atom of the same metal; the bonding of the electrons are delocalized over the entire crystal
  • Metallic Force: Metallic bond
  • Metallic General Properties: Soft to hard, low to high MP, good conductor of heat and electricity