Fire Hazards

Characteristics of Fire

- Fire is living and breathing process that is commonly referred to as the "process of combustion".

- Fire is the result of this rapid combustion reaction.

- Removal of Fuel example: turning the source off from a BBQ fire will cease the fire

- Removal of Heat example: Turning element off on a stove

- Removal of Oxygen example: Putting on a lid on the same pot of grease will smoother the fire.

A - ordinary combustibles - wood, paper, cloth

B - flammable Liquids - grease oil, paint

C - Live Electrical Equipment - Electrical panel, motor, wiring

D - Combustible metal - magnesium, aluminium

K - Commercial Cooking Equipment - Animal fats, cooking oils

FIRE TRIANGLE

- the triangle illustrates 3 elements that needs for a fire to ignite.

○ Heat

○ Fuel

○ Oxygen

- When these 3 combines it results in a chemical chain reaction that starts fire

- The fire extinguishers removing any one of the elements in the triangle "fire triangle"

Types of Fire Hazards

1. electrical Hazards

2. Process and Operation HAzards

3. House Hazards

4. Storage Hazards

5. Smoking Hazards

6. Friction HAzards

HOW DO FIRE EXTINGUISHER WORK?

- apply an extinguishing agent that will cool the burning fuel, remove oxygen, stop the chemical reaction of the fire.

IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

- the extinguisher must be right for the type of fire

- must be located where it can be easily be reached

- must be in good working order

- fire must be discovered while it is still small

- person using the extinguisher must be trained to use it properly

Type of Extinguisher

1. Water - A not on B,C

2. Dry POWEDER - A, B, gaseous fires

3. Foam - A, B, not on C

4. Co2 - B, C, not on A, D

5. Wet CHEMICAL - K, A

P.A.S.S.

P - pull he pin

A - Aim low, base of the flames

S - Squeeze the handle

S - Sweep side to side

COMMON FIRE HAZARDS

- Electric wires

- Cooking and heat generation appliances

- Work where fire is required like weilding

- Improper storage of tools

- Smoking and personal lighters

- Fireworkds

- unauthorized storage of flammable materials

- insufficient numbers of emergency exits

- Hindrance to the sight of fire extinguishers

- Insufficient numbers of types of Fire extinguisher

- Absence of Fire detection an alarm system

- Violation of building and fire codes

1. Faulty electrical wiring

2. Arson

3. Unattended flames

4. Gas leaks

5. Fireworks

6. Spontaneous heating

7. Static electricity

8. Smoking

COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE

1. kitchen stoves

2. faulty wirings

3. smoking in bed

4. Lighting

5. Flammable Liquids

6. Candles

BASIC RESPONSE DURING FIRE

Rescue - immediate rescue the people in the area of smoke or fire

Alarm - activate nearest fire alarm station

Contain - contain smoke and close all the doors windows

Extinguish - Using appropriate fire extinguisher if the fire is small, contained, and not spreading

Relocate - relocate to safe area

Secure - secure imprtan documents, money, heirlooms