science topic test

potential energy - has the potential to move, converted to kinetic energy, stored energy

kinetic energy - moving, energy of movement

circuits - simple and parallel circuit circle

• battery - supplies energy

• ammeter - measures the current, how much electricity is passing through, measured in amperes

• light blub - turns electrical energy into light energy

• resistor- slows flow of the electricity

• switch - off and on switch

• voltmeter - measure voltage (difference between 2 points of the circuit)

• wire - conductor for electrons to pass through

transfer of heat

• conduction - solids (closer together), particles required, vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles, due to the fast-vibrating particles, they can touch faster

• convection - fluids (liquid and gases), particles required, heating fluids makes it less dense. the hot air rises (less dense) and cool air sinks (denser)

• radiation - empty space, no particles, carried by infrared waves, the hotter the object the more radiation it emits

conductors - transfer heat by conduction, allow heat to pass through, e.g. metal

insulator - do not transfer heat by conduction, stopping heat from passing through, e.g. cotton, wool