HG Quiz 2

Ecofeminism and the Anthropocene Ecofeminism critiques the Anthropocene, the period when human activity has the largest impact on the environment.
Ecofeminism in The Hunger Games The gamemakers manipulate the environment to control the tributes, showing human dominance over nature.

Martin’s focus on The Hunger Games films Martin analyzes the film series instead of the novels because the films omit Katniss’s inner thoughts.
Katniss in the films vs. novels In the films, Katniss is portrayed as a martyr for rebellion; in the books, she’s just trying to survive for her sister and herself.
Peeta vs. Gale’s influence on Katniss Peeta empowers Katniss through balance and compassion, while Gale makes her more dependent due to shared skills.

Nature vs. Nurture debate Personality results from both heredity (nature) and social environment (nurture).
Nature Heredity and instinct shape behavior; sociobiology studies biological bases of social behavior.
Nurture Social environment shapes personality; Pavlov’s experiments showed behavior can be taught.
Most scientists’ view on personality Personality develops from a mix of nature and nurture.

Family systems and functions Families have different structures but all fulfill similar functions like reproduction, socialization, and support.
Family definition Group related by marriage, blood, or adoption who often live together and share economic resources.
Nuclear family One or both parents and their children.
Family of orientation Family a person is born or adopted into.
Family of procreation New family formed through marriage.
Extended family Two or more generations living together or closely linked.
Kinship Network of people related by marriage, birth, or adoption.
Primary relatives Mother, father, sister, brother, spouse, daughter, son.
Secondary relatives Grandparents, grandchildren, in-laws, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews.
Tertiary relatives Great-grandparents, great-aunts/uncles, cousins.

Family organization questions

• How many marriage partners?

• Who lives with whom?

• How is membership determined?

• Who makes family decisions?

Katniss’s family of orientation Her mother, Prim, and her father (when alive).

Monogamy Marriage between one man and one woman.
Polygamy Marriage involving multiple partners.
Polygyny One man married to multiple women (most common).
Polyandry One woman married to multiple men (less common).

Residential patterns Patrilocal (near husband’s family), matrilocal (near wife’s family), bilocal (either), neolocal (independent).
Descent patterns Tracing kinship through mother’s side (matrilineal) or father’s side (patrilineal).
Authority patterns Patriarchy (father rules), Matriarchy (mother rules), Egalitarian (shared authority).

Panem’s descent and authority pattern Patrilineal descent; likely patriarchal but less clear-cut.

Functions of the family

• Regulation of sexual activity

• Reproduction

• Socialization

• Economic and emotional security

Incest taboo Found in every society, though specific restrictions vary.
Family as agent of socialization First institution to teach norms and values.
Economic function of family Basic economic unit providing financial and emotional support.

Social structure definition Network of interrelated statuses and roles that guide human interaction.
Status vs. role Status is a social position; role is the behavior attached to it.
Social institution System of statuses and roles that fulfills society’s basic needs.

Color blindness (race ideology) Denies the significance of race and racism by treating individuals as if race doesn’t matter.

Race definition Biological categorization based on phenotype; socially constructed and used as an ascribed status.
Critical Race Theory (CRT) Argues that racism is systemic and whiteness is dominant, making “reverse racism” impossible.
Racism Discrimination based on race expressed through actions or institutions (microaggressions, segregation, rhetoric).
Systemic racism Racism embedded in institutions and structures of society.
Internalized racism Racism within or against one’s own group, often seen as colorism or implicit bias.

CRT goals Educate about racism, encourage white allyship, oppose color-blindness and tokenism.
Systemic racism examples White privilege, implicit bias, normalization of whiteness, token use of BIPOC.

Is race an institution? Yes — it organizes people into statuses and roles and serves classification and social order functions.

Althusser’s Problematic The presence of others reinforces whiteness and dominant identities in representation.
Politics of representation Social struggle over meaning and depiction in media.
Tokenism Superficial inclusion of minorities (“Don’t kill the beautiful Black people!”).
Racialized docility Depicting certain racial groups as passive or submissive to support dominant narratives.

Status and role in sociology A social structure links statuses (positions) and roles (behaviors).
Ascribed status Assigned beyond a person’s control (e.g., age, gender).
Achieved status Earned through effort (e.g., education, career).
Master status Main status that defines a person’s social identity; can be ascribed or achieved.

Role expectations Socially determined behaviors expected of a certain status.
Role performance Actual behavior of an individual in a role.
Role conflict When one status interferes with another.
Role strain Difficulty fulfilling the roles of a single status.
Role exit Detaching from a role central to one’s identity (e.g., retiring, leaving religious life).

Peeta’s evolution (statuses and roles) Ascribed status as a victor; achieved role as painter; status in relationship with Katniss shows growth and inner conflict.

Social institution definition Group of statuses and roles organized to meet society’s needs.
Five major social institutions Family, economy, politics, education, religion.
Family’s role as institution Raises young and teaches norms and values.
Economic institution Organizes production, distribution, and consumption.
Political institution Governs power distribution and control.
Educational institution Transmits knowledge, skills, and values.
Religious institution Provides shared explanations of life’s meaning.
Purpose of social institutions Provide support, transmit knowledge, maintain control, and fulfill human needs.