Statistical Tests

One-Sample T-Test

• Used when comparing a sample mean to a population mean.
• Applicable when the population variance or standard deviation is unknown.

Dependent Samples T-Test

• Also known as paired samples t-test.
• Used in two main study designs:
  • Comparing the mean of a sample's scores at one time point to the mean of the same sample's scores at a different time point. (e.g., pre-test vs. post-test).
  • Comparing the mean of one sample to the mean of a second sample where participants in the first sample are matched or paired with specific participants in the second sample.

Independent Samples T-Test

• Used when comparing the means of two separate and independent samples.

One-Way ANOVA

• Used when comparing the means of more than two separate samples.
• Examines the effects of one categorical independent variable on one numeric dependent variable.

Two-Factor ANOVA

• Used when examining the effects of more than one categorical independent variable on one numeric dependent variable.

Correlation

• Used when examining the association between two numeric variables.

Regression

• Used when examining the effects of one or more numeric independent variables on one numeric dependent variable.