fye2_mideterm-finals_ppt

Modern Age Overview

  • Modern Age: Often characterized by significant revolutions in technology, culture, and society.

Social Control

  • Definition: The process by which groups regulate themselves based on shared values and beliefs.

  • Functions: Aims to prevent negative deviance (actions against established norms).

  • Key Influencers:

    • Family

    • Culture

    • Justice System

    • Economic Factors (Money)

    • City-States

    • Belief Systems

Stages of Societal Development

  • Pre-Modern Society:

    • Emphasis on strong traditional values.

    • Limited social mobility.

    • Reliance on established hierarchies.

  • Modern Society:

    • Marked by rapid technological advancements.

    • Increased focus on individualism.

    • Belief in progress.

  • Post-Modern Society:

    • Society questions absolute truths.

    • Embraces plurality and diversity.

Job Specialization and Art

  • Job Market:

    • Pre-Modern: Few specialized jobs, strong moral identity.

    • Modern: Industries grow, emphasize exclusivity and high art.

    • Post-Modern: Inclusivity becomes prominent, leads to movements like pop art.

Social Structure as an Institution

  • Modernity: Social structures once crucial.

  • Post-Modernity: Rejection of rigid social structures.

Media Influence

  • Modern Media:

    • People mainly respond to, often in a one-way communication model.

    • Post-Modern media introduces hyperreality, altering perceptions of reality.

Anthropocene Epoch

  • Current Condition: Humans as the dominant species significantly altering the planet.

    • Impacts:

      • Climate change

      • Habitat destruction

      • Alteration of geological and biological processes.

Historical Perspective on Human Impact

  • Homo sapiens Evolution: 200,000 years with pronounced effects on Earth.

  • Great Acceleration: Significant modifications noted in the past 60 years:

    • Increased CO2 emissions and pollution.

  • Human Actions: Linking agriculture, urbanization, deforestation, and technological development to climate change.

Anthropocene Markers

  • Industrial Revolution: Seen as a potential beginning of the Anthropocene due to fossil fuel dependency.

  • Agriculture: Farming practices leading to significant ecological changes.

  • Nuclear Origin: 1950s highlighted with radioactive debris marking human impact.

Plastic Pollution

  • Plastic's Role: Non-biodegradable and infiltrating natural environments, altering ecosystems.

Diverse Meanings of Anthropocene

  • Many Interpretations: Varying significance in cultural and scientific realms.

  • Awareness: Recognition of human interference as central to the Anthropocene narrative.

Climate Change Awareness

  • Strong association with human activity as the prime cause of global warming.

  • The first mass extinction caused by one species (humans), marking a significant moment in Earth’s history.

Structural Stages of the Anthropocene

  1. Pre-Anthropocene: Initial human impact (e.g., fire-stick farming).

  2. Anthropocene Stage 1 (c. 1800-1945): Rise of the internal combustion engine.

  3. Anthropocene Stage 2 (1945-2010): Great Acceleration and global networks.

  4. Anthropocene Stage 3 (2010-present): Uncertain future paths.

Innovation Overview

  • Definition: The process of making changes to create or improve something.

  • Drivers:

    • Increased exchange networks.

    • Improvements in transportation and communication.

    • Strong incentives for innovation.

Historical Context of Innovation

  • Notable Figures: Individuals like Prince Henry and Zheng He contributing to navigational advances and global trade dynamics.

First Industrial Revolution

  • Timeline: Began in Great Britain (1700s-1800s).

  • Characteristics:

    • Introduction of machinery, like the steam engine.

    • Shift from agrarian to industrial economies.

Key Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

  • Steam Engine: Revolutionized transportation and manufacturing.

  • Electric Generators: Major developments leading to modern electrical systems.

  • Telegraph and Telephone: Foundations for modern communication.

Economic Impact of Industrial Revolution

  • Growth: Increased production and consumption; creation of financial systems.

  • Population Growth: Decreased mortality rates leading to population changes.

  • Social Disparities: Rise in economic inequality and poor working conditions.

Transition to Modern Industry (Industry 4.0)

  • Evolution from mechanization to automation and digital technologies, shaping contemporary production.

Social Changes Post-industrialization

  • Increased urbanization leading to notable environmental and societal challenges: housing conditions, gender inequality, and labor issues.

Philosophical Perspectives on Technology

  • Essence of Technology: Understanding technology as a mode of revealing and shaping our reality.

  • Cultural Critique: Examining modern civilization's direction and ethical implications of technological advancement.

Post-Modernism Overview

  • Definition: A cultural and philosophical movement questioning modernity’s rationality and absolute truths.

  • Critique of Modernism: Acknowledges failures leading to global conflicts and environmental crises.

  • Globalization: Facilitates cultural hybridity and challenges national identities.

Filipino Psychology

  • Indigenous Roots: Psychological constructs derived from the Filipino experience, cultural practices, and community interactions.

  • Key Values: Emphasis on community, shared humanity, and relational constructs like "Kapwa" reflecting interconnectedness.

  • Cultural Psychology Methods: Engage community participation in research, reflecting local experiences and narratives.