Joint Movements

• Flexion: Bending a limb, decreasing angle between bones.

• Extension: Straightening a limb, increasing angle between bones.

• Rotation: Turning a joint around its axis.

• Lateral Flexion: Side bending.

• Abduction: Movement away from the body's center.

• Adduction: Movement toward the body's center.

• Circumduction: Conical movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

• Inversion: Turning sole of foot inward.

• Eversion: Turning sole of foot outward.

• Protraction/Retraction: Moving body part forward/backward.

• Elevation/Depression: Moving body part up/down.

• Opposition: Thumb and fifth digit touching.