History test 2

Cotton gin - greatly increased the amount of cotton that could be produced in the US

Slavery - important to the cotton industry

Sepoys - Indian soldiers trained and employed by the British East India Company’s army
Cottage Industry - manufacturing that happens in people’s homes

“manufactory” - factory, more efficient than cottage industry
Enclosure movement - British countryside went from common land with some large landowners to no common land and some large landowners.

Proletariat - working class
19th century liberalism - valued individual liberty over everything else

Marxism - argued conflict between producers of goods and capitalist investors and business owners was enevitable. Producers defeat capitalists then a socialist society could come into being
Opium wars - British response to Chinese efforts to crack down on the importation of opium (1839-1842)

Taiping Rebellion - response to defeats of opium war lead by Hong Xiuquan
Self-strengthening movement - strengthen traditional Chinese religion and culture while incorporating Western technology

Caste war of the Yucatan - Troops came to Yucatan to stop the Mexican-American war
Tanzimat - guarenteed life, honor, and property to all citizens regardless of religion, more uquitable tax system, eliminated family based military and replaced with a draft

Wahhabism - stricter adherance to Qu’an and killed those who disagreed
Aligarh Movement - Sayyid Ahmad of Aligarh argued people could make their own moral decisions

Islamic Modernization - Islam needs to learn about western world but still need to read the Qu’an. Embrace European science but reject European way of structuring society
Sino-Japanese War - Japan vs China war over Korea

Romantic Nationalism - creation of imagined community based on shared ideas or symbols
Competitive Nationalism - having the most colonies

Meiji Restoration - changed government structure and religious leader regains control of government and traditional Japanese culture and religion is seen as important
Otto von Bismark - leader of German unification in order to increase Prussian power

Spanish-American War - independent movement in Cuba
Irish Republican Brotherhood - Irish nationalist group dedicated to promoting Irish catholic culture and traditions and secured Irish independence from Great Britain

Civilizing Mission - expose people to western culture
Quinine - vaccine for Malaria made out of tree

Muhammed Ali - leader of Egypt who build canals and dams to faciliate cotton production year-round, reshaping Egyptian peasants lives drastically
Conference of Berlin - 1884-5 meetings which Europe leaders divide Africa among themselves

British Raj - Indian people were forced to work with British to govern themselves
Modernism - movement sought to use the visual arts and literature to better represent the modern industrial world and to express its’ new values

Social Darwinism - race indicates humans are different
Queen Lili’uokalani - last ruler of Hawaii

Dreyfus Affair - (Jewish) Alfred Dreyfus convicted of treason but he did not do it and there is evidence proving he did not but he was imprisoned then could resume his military career
Women’s Suffrage - middle class woman refused to operate within the private sphere in the 20th century

Commercialized Leisure - enabled working class teens to socialize outside of their parent’s supervision
Trenches -

British Gold Coast - Ghana
Austro-Hungarian Empire -

Submarine Warfare -