7/11/23: Intelligence

Vocabulary:

Charles Spearman (early-late 1900s) - intelligence is a combo of general ability + specific abilities

General ability - the “g factor”

Specific abilities - “s”

Raymond Cattell - adds to Spearman’s “g factor;” which includes fluid and crystallized intelligence

Fluid Intelligence (Raymond Cattell) - your strategies to learn; the ability to handle new encounters/info/problems, peaks before 20 years of age

Crystallized Intelligence (Raymond Cattell) - the store of info and skill you’ve gotten from using your fluid intelligence

Howard Gardner - coined “multiple intelligences;” we have 9 dif types of intelligence, all independent of each other

Autistic Savants - support Gardner’s “multiple intelligences” theory; have developmental issues, but develop prodigal abilities in a particular intelligence area

Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Tests - 1900s; French gov’t facing issues in edu system, some kids were being moved into classes they shouldn’t be in; it turned to Simon + Binet

Simon + Binet - scientists; created the 1st IQ test to determine who should be moved to special classes; two scores IQ score + mental age

Average IQ Score - 100

Mental Age - the age level you are learning/testing on

Stanford - translated and Americanized the Simon-Binet IQ test and named it Stanford-Binet Test

Aptitude Tests - predict future performance (in children) (ex. IQ Tests, SAT)

Achievement Tests - measure your level of knowledge in a certain area

Reliability - a test’s “repeatability;” the scores you get will be consistent if the circumstances remain unchanged; in the same range

Validity - whether or not a test measures what it is intended to measure; is it doing its job?