gc lab 2 midterm

Experiment 1 and Remote Learning Tutorial 1

  • Correct use of significant figures:

    • When recording measurements in lab

    • When recording volume (based on the glassware used)

    • When carrying out calculations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, logarithm, and anti-log

    • When reporting error/deviation

  • Random vs systematic errors

  • Absolute vs relative error, and conversions between the two

  • Error propagation (i.e., determining the maximum anticipated random error of an experiment)

  • The ideal gas law and Dalton’s Law of partial pressure

  • Precision vs accuracy

  • Average deviation and percent deviation calculations

  • The Q test:

    • When to use it

    • How to calculate a rejection quotient (Qcalc)

    • How to interpret Qtable values at different confidence intervals

  • Units of concentration (molarity, molality, and percent by mass) and conversions from one unit to another

  • Dilution calculations (applying M1V1 = M2V2)

  • Proper use of volumetric glassware (burets, volumetric flasks, and volumetric pipets), and how dirty glassware may impact experimental results

Experiments 2, 3, and the Practicum Activity:  Acid/Base Equilibrium

  • Relationship between errors in pH and [H+]

  • Calculating a diffusion rate based on pH measurements

  • Titration terminology:

    • Titrant/analyte

    • Equivalence point

    • Endpoint

    • Standard solution/ Standardization

    • Primary standard/ hygroscopic/ desiccator

  • Identifying the major pH-determining species in a solution, and calculating the resulting pH

    • Strong acids/bases (pH = −log[H+])

    • Weak acids/bases (ICE table)

    • Amphiprotic substances (pH = ½(pKa1 + pKa2))

    • Buffer solutions (Henderson Hasselbalch equation)

  • Titration procedure

  • Estimating VE from a titration curve and using VE in calculations to determine the MW of a weak acid (or base)

  • Determining pKa (or pKb) from a titration curve

  • Choosing an appropriate indicator for titration and estimating pKIn experimentally

Remote Learning Tutorial 2

  • Use the CARS criteria to determine the credibility of a source when provided with information about the source

  • Categorize a source as primary, secondary, or tertiary

  • Choose the best source to check for different types of information