Unit 5/6 study

Metabolism is subdivided into catabolic and anabolic reactions.
Which type of reaction is exergonic? Catabolic
Which type of reaction is endergonic? Anabolic
An exergonic reaction is coupled to an endergonic reaction through ATP.
How does an enzyme speed up a reaction? It lowers Activation energy
What do you get when you put a cofactor with an apoenzyme? Holoenzyme
A drug that is used to inhibit an enzyme by altering the shape of the active site is said to be acting noncompetitively

What is substrate level phosphorylation? Substrate-P + ADP Product + ATP
Give two ways a cell will produce energy in the absence of oxygen, using glucose as

the starting molecule. Fermentation and Anaerobic Respiration

Using one molecule of glucose, account for the production of all the ATPs that are

produced by an aerotolerant. 2 ATPs by fermentation

Account for the production of all the ATPs, electron carriers (NADH and FADH2), and

carbon dioxide that are produced by cellular respiration (glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation,

Kreb's cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation).

A. Glycolysis Pyruvate

Net 2 ATPs

(SLP)

2 NADH

B. Pyruvate Oxidation

2 CO2

2 NADH

C. Krebs Cycle

4 CO2

6 NADH

2 FADH2

2 ATPs (SLP)

D. Oxidation Phosphorylation

30 ATPs from the 10 NADHs produced

prior to oxidative phosphorylation (1

NADH=3 ATPs).

4 ATPs from the 2 FADH2 produced

during the Kreb’s cycle (1 FADH2=2

ATPs).

1. How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?

They lower the energy of activation of reactions.

2. Which molecule links catabolic and anabolic reactions together?

ATP

3. Photoautotrophs get energy from the sun_______ and carbon from the air_______.

4. An obligate anaerobe is able to produce ATP by _FERMENTATION AND ANAEROBIC

RESPIRATION, whereas an aerotolerant is able to produce ATP by

FERMENTATION.

5. What are ALL the possible final electron acceptors used by a facultative anaerobe (Hint: there

are 5 of them)?

a. Sulfate; b. Carbonate_; c. Nitrate_; d. Oxygen_; e. An organic molecule_