6. the graphic effects of industrial production

the industrial revolution, now aka the first industrial revolution, was when society transitioned from agrarian to industrial. 1780-1840.

goods that had once been crafted by hand were now being created by machines.

artists benefited both directly and indirectly

• new materials, like metal paint tubes

• photography

3 artistic movements

• romanticism

• realism

• impressionism

graphic and typographic vocabularies expanded

promotional use of printed images

lithography was used for color printing

printed artifacts were used for posters, ephemera, etc.

illustrated papers

novels became more popular as literacy rates rose

• the first alphabet books started here - street literature

illustration helped make romanticism a popular concept

photography

• invented in 1820s by niepce and daugurerre

• at the start it wasn’t recognized or popular.

advertising and design became more popular

• very dense pages to advertise goods

• rules about posting notices changed - the job of the bill sticker became a subject of humor.

fine art and graphic art

• paintings and prints had been rare and expensive, but by mid century there are affordable pieces of art.

• satiric magazines