Chapter 32 American Life in the roaring 20s
1919-1929
grew rapidly in the 1920s
KKK beliefs- anti-Catholic, Jewish, black, pacifist, foreign, communist, and birth control
pro-Angolo-saxons and pro-protestant
spread rapidly in the midwest and the south claimed 5 million members
collapsed in the late 1920s after a congressional investigation uncovers internal embezzling
growth due to anxieties caused by rapid social growth
held political power
lynched around 200 people
Red- communist
first red scare- led by Attorney General A Michell Palmer in response to the bolshevik revolution in the USA crusade against unamerican
Free speech is limited by state laws making it illegal to advocate for violence
Nicola Sacco And Bartolomeo Vanzetti- were convicted in 1921 of murder by a strongly biased jury because they were Italian, anarchists, atheists, and draft dodgers sparking outrage
isolationist Americans don’t feel the need for immigration so they place the emergency quota act of1921 the emergency quota act of1921- limited the number of Europeans able to migrate to 3% of what the nationalities American population was in 1910
replaced by the immigration act of 1924 changed it to 2% and banned Japanese
Latin Americans and Canadas unrestricted because of how close so use them when needed and send um back when not
did percentages because they were racists and only wanted some Europeans (
this ended the era of unrestricted immigration in the US and significantly decreased immigration
prohibition passed in 1919 i the 18th amendment and enforced by the Volestead act to
was popular in the south and in the west because white southerners didn’t want African Americans to have stimulants and the west associated alcohol with crime and corruption
the federal government has a weak track record in the enforcement of laws in personal lives more speakeasies replacing salons
caused by temprence movment- movment to ban aochool led by christian women
caused bank savings to increase and absenteeism in the industry to decrease
ridiculous law tend to be ignored (ie fireworks)
violent gang wars broke out in cities as gangsters fought to control the booze markets
Chicago had scarface, Al Capone, a murderous boose distributor that started 6 years of gang wars that generated millions of dollars
caught on tax evasion
led to a major increase in organized crime
led organized crime to do prostitution gambling drugs and grandson kidnappings
Lindberg law in 1932 made interstate abduction death penalties offense under certain circumstances
in the 1920s states started to put a larger focus on education John Dewey, a professor set principles that formed progressive- education and believed that education for life should be the goal of a teacher
since and healthcare improve
fundamentalist- the religious kind thought Darwinism and evolution was leading to the breakdown of the morals of the youth
1925 John T. Scopes were convicted for teaching Darwinism in schools and fined 100 dollars he was defended by Darrow and prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan
cultural war
WW1 and treasury secretary Andrew Mellon”s tax policies- brought riches to the mid-1920s
Bruce Barton- invents advertising and
sports became a big business in the 1920s; because people move to cities and have more leisure time because of factory jobs and stable income
buying credit -was a new thing and more people went into personal debt causing the economy to become vulnerable to a change in the credit structure
borrowing credit was very popular and caused by radio and cars (travel) allowing them to see/ hear advertising
cities influence towns never the other way
car market started in the 1920 industrial revolution and created a new industrial system based on the moving assembly line called Fordism
model t introduced by 1930 more then 20million were driven in the country
The advent of the gasoline age
car industry creates millions of jobs in related industries
standard of living rose
petroleum business grew and railroads hit hard
freeing women from needing men allowed suburbs to spread out
dangerous and caused millions of deaths
suburbs demographics- republican white people
City demographics- democratic minorities
vacations start to happen
out-of-wedlock births - went way up, and the girl would get sent away or kept home because of the “embarrassment’’
Wilbur and Orville Wright make airplanes fly for 12 seconds and 120 ft
after ww1 sees the success of the airplane began to have passenger airlines and
Charles A. Lindberg -becomes the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic in 1927 in a 33 hour flight from New York to Paris
Guglielmo Marconi invented wireless telegraphy, the telegraph, in the 1890s in 1920 the first voice-carrying radio broadcasts were transmitted making significant cultural and educational contributions
radios- make a national identity
technology that changed America- engines (farming) plane, ac, radio
motion pictures worked on since 1890 but came out in 1903 the great train robbery was the first story sequence
Hollywood became the motion capital of the world used extensively in ww1 as anti german propaganda led to increased assimilation of immigrants
by the 1920 most Americans had moved from rural areas to urban city areas
Margaret sanger; led a birth control movement Alice Paul: formed the National women’s party in 1923 to campaign for equal rights amendment to the constitution
the fundamentalists lost ground to the modernist
Modernist: who believed God was a good guy and the universe is friendly
flappers; young women who expressed disdain for traditional women through smoking, driving drinking, and wearing short skirts
Dr.Siegmund Freud: said sexual repression was the cause of emotional problems
United Negro Improvement league; started by Marcus garvey for the resettlement of African Americans in Africa and also sponsored stores to keep “black dollars in black pockets” resulted from a large uptick in black pride
after ww1 a new generation of writers emerged and gave American books a new life
Modernist; philosophical movement during the 1920s key component was questioning social conventions
H.L Mencken; wrote American mercury and attacked marriage democracy and patriotism
F. Scots Fitzgerald; wrote this side of paradise in 1920 and the great gatsby in in1925
Earnest Hemmingway; greatly affected by the war and responded to propaganda and over the appeal of patriotism to the “disillusioned spiritually numb American” expressed in Europe in the sun also rises
Harlem Renaissance; a black cultural movement that grew out of Harlem and became popular as materialism and functionalism grew
the stock market grew in popularity in the 1920s to average people
the government did little to manage debt after ww1
1921 republican congress created the Bureau of Budget; to help the president submit an annual budget to congress designed to circumvent extravagant expense appropriations
Andrew Mellon; belief that taxes forced the rich to invest in tax-Andrew Mellon's belief was that taxes forced the rich to invest in tax-exempt securities rather than in factories; this hurt business. Mellon helped create a series of tax reductions from 1921-1926 to help rich people. Congress also eliminated the gift tax, and reduced excise taxes, surtax, income tax, and estate taxes. Mellon's policies shifted the tax burden from the wealthy to the middle-income groups. Mellon reduced the national debt by $10 billion.
1919-1929
grew rapidly in the 1920s
KKK beliefs- anti-Catholic, Jewish, black, pacifist, foreign, communist, and birth control
pro-Angolo-saxons and pro-protestant
spread rapidly in the midwest and the south claimed 5 million members
collapsed in the late 1920s after a congressional investigation uncovers internal embezzling
growth due to anxieties caused by rapid social growth
held political power
lynched around 200 people
Red- communist
first red scare- led by Attorney General A Michell Palmer in response to the bolshevik revolution in the USA crusade against unamerican
Free speech is limited by state laws making it illegal to advocate for violence
Nicola Sacco And Bartolomeo Vanzetti- were convicted in 1921 of murder by a strongly biased jury because they were Italian, anarchists, atheists, and draft dodgers sparking outrage
isolationist Americans don’t feel the need for immigration so they place the emergency quota act of1921 the emergency quota act of1921- limited the number of Europeans able to migrate to 3% of what the nationalities American population was in 1910
replaced by the immigration act of 1924 changed it to 2% and banned Japanese
Latin Americans and Canadas unrestricted because of how close so use them when needed and send um back when not
did percentages because they were racists and only wanted some Europeans (
this ended the era of unrestricted immigration in the US and significantly decreased immigration
prohibition passed in 1919 i the 18th amendment and enforced by the Volestead act to
was popular in the south and in the west because white southerners didn’t want African Americans to have stimulants and the west associated alcohol with crime and corruption
the federal government has a weak track record in the enforcement of laws in personal lives more speakeasies replacing salons
caused by temprence movment- movment to ban aochool led by christian women
caused bank savings to increase and absenteeism in the industry to decrease
ridiculous law tend to be ignored (ie fireworks)
violent gang wars broke out in cities as gangsters fought to control the booze markets
Chicago had scarface, Al Capone, a murderous boose distributor that started 6 years of gang wars that generated millions of dollars
caught on tax evasion
led to a major increase in organized crime
led organized crime to do prostitution gambling drugs and grandson kidnappings
Lindberg law in 1932 made interstate abduction death penalties offense under certain circumstances
in the 1920s states started to put a larger focus on education John Dewey, a professor set principles that formed progressive- education and believed that education for life should be the goal of a teacher
since and healthcare improve
fundamentalist- the religious kind thought Darwinism and evolution was leading to the breakdown of the morals of the youth
1925 John T. Scopes were convicted for teaching Darwinism in schools and fined 100 dollars he was defended by Darrow and prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan
cultural war
WW1 and treasury secretary Andrew Mellon”s tax policies- brought riches to the mid-1920s
Bruce Barton- invents advertising and
sports became a big business in the 1920s; because people move to cities and have more leisure time because of factory jobs and stable income
buying credit -was a new thing and more people went into personal debt causing the economy to become vulnerable to a change in the credit structure
borrowing credit was very popular and caused by radio and cars (travel) allowing them to see/ hear advertising
cities influence towns never the other way
car market started in the 1920 industrial revolution and created a new industrial system based on the moving assembly line called Fordism
model t introduced by 1930 more then 20million were driven in the country
The advent of the gasoline age
car industry creates millions of jobs in related industries
standard of living rose
petroleum business grew and railroads hit hard
freeing women from needing men allowed suburbs to spread out
dangerous and caused millions of deaths
suburbs demographics- republican white people
City demographics- democratic minorities
vacations start to happen
out-of-wedlock births - went way up, and the girl would get sent away or kept home because of the “embarrassment’’
Wilbur and Orville Wright make airplanes fly for 12 seconds and 120 ft
after ww1 sees the success of the airplane began to have passenger airlines and
Charles A. Lindberg -becomes the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic in 1927 in a 33 hour flight from New York to Paris
Guglielmo Marconi invented wireless telegraphy, the telegraph, in the 1890s in 1920 the first voice-carrying radio broadcasts were transmitted making significant cultural and educational contributions
radios- make a national identity
technology that changed America- engines (farming) plane, ac, radio
motion pictures worked on since 1890 but came out in 1903 the great train robbery was the first story sequence
Hollywood became the motion capital of the world used extensively in ww1 as anti german propaganda led to increased assimilation of immigrants
by the 1920 most Americans had moved from rural areas to urban city areas
Margaret sanger; led a birth control movement Alice Paul: formed the National women’s party in 1923 to campaign for equal rights amendment to the constitution
the fundamentalists lost ground to the modernist
Modernist: who believed God was a good guy and the universe is friendly
flappers; young women who expressed disdain for traditional women through smoking, driving drinking, and wearing short skirts
Dr.Siegmund Freud: said sexual repression was the cause of emotional problems
United Negro Improvement league; started by Marcus garvey for the resettlement of African Americans in Africa and also sponsored stores to keep “black dollars in black pockets” resulted from a large uptick in black pride
after ww1 a new generation of writers emerged and gave American books a new life
Modernist; philosophical movement during the 1920s key component was questioning social conventions
H.L Mencken; wrote American mercury and attacked marriage democracy and patriotism
F. Scots Fitzgerald; wrote this side of paradise in 1920 and the great gatsby in in1925
Earnest Hemmingway; greatly affected by the war and responded to propaganda and over the appeal of patriotism to the “disillusioned spiritually numb American” expressed in Europe in the sun also rises
Harlem Renaissance; a black cultural movement that grew out of Harlem and became popular as materialism and functionalism grew
the stock market grew in popularity in the 1920s to average people
the government did little to manage debt after ww1
1921 republican congress created the Bureau of Budget; to help the president submit an annual budget to congress designed to circumvent extravagant expense appropriations
Andrew Mellon; belief that taxes forced the rich to invest in tax-Andrew Mellon's belief was that taxes forced the rich to invest in tax-exempt securities rather than in factories; this hurt business. Mellon helped create a series of tax reductions from 1921-1926 to help rich people. Congress also eliminated the gift tax, and reduced excise taxes, surtax, income tax, and estate taxes. Mellon's policies shifted the tax burden from the wealthy to the middle-income groups. Mellon reduced the national debt by $10 billion.
