DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS

Q&A Format

Antibiotics

Q: What are examples of bacteriostatic antibiotics?

A: Tetracyclines, Sulphonamides

Q: What are examples of bactericidal antibiotics?

A: Penicillins, Cephalosporins

Q: Name two cell wall synthesis inhibitors:

A: Beta-lactams, Glycopeptides

Q: Name two drugs affecting cell membrane permeability:

A: Polymyxin, Nystatin

Q: What are two examples of protein synthesis inhibitors?

A: Tetracyclines, Amphenicols

Q: Name two nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors:

A: Rifamycins, Griseofulvin

Q: name 2 examples of narrow-spectrum antibiotics:

A: penicillin G, streptomycin

Q: name 2 examples of broad spectrum antibiotic:

A: tetracyclines, amfenicols

Q: name 2 examples of slightly-broad spectrum antibiotics:

A: aminoglycosides, macrolides

Q: Classification according to chemical structure of ATBs?

A: penicillins, cefalosporins, tetracyclins, amfenicols, polypeptides and glycopeptides, aminoglycosides, macrolids, lincosamids, ansamycin, diterpens, and ATBs with different structure

Q: 2 examples of penicillins?

A: benzylpenicillin/penicillin G, amoxicillin

Q: 2 examples of cefalosporins?

A: cefalexin, ceftiofur

Q: Name two tetracycline antibiotics:
A: Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline

Q: Name an amfenicol antibiotic:
A: Florfenicol

Q: Name two polypeptide and glycopeptide antibiotics:
A: Kolistin, Polymyxin

Q: Name two aminoglycoside antibiotics:
A: Gentamycin, Streptomycin

Q: Name two macrolide antibiotics:
A: Erythromycin, Tylosin

Q: Name two lincosamide antibiotics:
A: Linkomycin, Clindamycin

Q: Name an ansamycin antibiotic:
A: Rifaximin

Q: Name two diterpen antibiotics:
A: Tiamulin, Valneomulin

Q: Name two antibiotics with different structural classifications:
A: Novobiocin, Fusidic acid

Sulphonamides

Q: Name two short-acting sulphonamides:

A: Sulfathiazole, Sulfacetamide

Q: What are two intermediate-acting sulphonamides?

A: Sulfadimidine, Sulfadiazine

Q: Name two long-acting sulphonamides:

A: Sulfadoxine, Sulfadimethoxine

Q: classification based on use of sulphonamides?

A: highly soluble - for urinary tract infections (sulfafurazole, sulfasomidine), poorly soluble - for intestinal infections (sulfasalazine, sulfaclozine) and topical sulfonamides (sulfacetamide, sulfathiazole)

Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones

Q: Name two 1st generation quinolones:

A: Nalidixic acid, Oxalin acid

Q: Name two fluoroquinolones (2nd to 4th generation):

A: Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin

Antiparasitics

Anticoccidial drugs

Q: Name two ionophore anticoccidials:

A: Monensin, Narasin

Q: Name two quinoline anticoccidials:

A: Buquinolate, Decoquinate

Q: Name a quinazoline anticoccidial:

A: Halofuginone

Q: Name a triazine anticoccidial:

A: Toltrazuril

Q: Name two benzenacetonitrile anticoccidials:

A: Diclazuril, Clazuril

Q: Name a benzyl purine anticoccidial:

A: Arprinocid

Q: Name a guanidine anticoccidial:

A: Robenidime

Q: Name a pyridine anticoccidial:

A: Clopidol

Q: Name two dihydrofolate reductase/thymidylate synthase inhibitors:

A: Diaveridine, Tripethoprim

Q: Name two other anticoccidials:

A: Amprolium, Nicarbazin

Q: Name two sulfonamide anticoccidials:

A: Sulfaclozine, Sulfadimidines

Specific Parasitic Treatments

Q: Name the drug for cryptosporidiosis treatment:

A: Paromycin

Q: Name two drugs for babesiosis treatment:

A: Phenamidine, Quinuronium

Q: Name two antitrypanosome drugs:

A: Quinapyramime, Diminazene

Q: Name the drug for Leishmania treatment:

A: Pentamidine

Q: Name two nitroimidazoles for histomonas/trichomonas/Giardia treatment:

A: Metronidazole, Dimetridazole

Q: Name two other compounds for specific treatment of parasites:

A: Aminonitrotiazole, Aminitrizol

Anthelmintics

Antinematodals

Q: Name two imidazole antinematodals:

A: Albendazole, Fenbendazole

Q: Name two tetrahydropyrimidine antinematodals:

A: Pyrantel, Oxantel

Q: Name two organophosphate antinematodals:

A: Haloxon, Trichlorphon

Q: Name two macrocyclic lactone antinematodals:

A: Ivermectine, Milbemycin oxim

Q: Name two heterocyclic antinematodals:

A: Piperazine, Phenothiazine

Q: Name two miscellaneous nematocidal compounds:

A: Emodepside, Nitroscanate

Antitrematodals

Q: Name two halogenated salicylanilide antitrematodals:

A: Rafoxanide, Closantel

Q: Name two halogenated phenol antitrematodals:

A: Niclofolan, Nitroxinil

Q: Name a benzimidazole antitrematodal:

A: Albendazole

Q: Name a phenoxyalcan antitrematodal:

A: Diamphenethide

Q: Name two benzesulfonamide antitrematodals:

A: Clorsulon, Triclabendazole

Q: Name two organophosphate antitrematodals:

A: Bromphenophos, Trichlorphon

Q: Name two chlorinated derivative antitrematodals:

A: Hexachloroparaxylene, Hexachlorophene

Anticestodals

Q: Name two synthetic organic anticestodals:

A: Niclosamide, Praziquantel

Q: Name two benzimidazole anticestodals:

A: Mebendazole, Fenbendazole

Q: Name two miscellaneous anticestodal drugs:

A: Dichlorophen, Hexachlorophene

Ectoparasiticides

Q: Name two pyrethrine/synthetic pyrethroid ectoparasiticides:

A: Permethrin, Cypermethrin

Q: Name two organochlorine ectoparasiticides:

A: Aldrin, Dieldrin

Q: Name two organophosphate ectoparasiticides:

A: Coumaphos, Diazinon

Q: Name two carbamate ectoparasiticides:

A: Carbaryl, Propoxur

Q: Name two other ectoparasiticides:

A: Amitraz, Fipronil

Q: Name two macrocyclic lactone ectoparasiticides:

A: Ivermectine, Milbemycin oxime

Q: Name two insect growth regulator ectoparasiticides:

A: Diflubenzuron, Flufenoxuron

Local Anesthetics

Q: Name two ester-type local anesthetics:

A: Cocaine, Procaine

Q: Name two amide-type local anesthetics:

A: Trimecaine, Lidocaine

General Anesthetics

Q: Name two liquid inhalation anesthetics:

A: Halothane, Isoflurane

Q: Name two gas inhalation anesthetics:

A: Nitrous oxide, Carbon dioxide

General injection anaesthetics

Q: Name two barbiturate injection anesthetics:

A: Thiopental, Pentobarbital

Q: Name two nonbarbiturate injection anesthetics:
A: Propofol, Etomidate

Q: Name two dissociative anesthetics:
A: Ketamine, Tiletamine

Q: Name two miscellaneous injection anesthetic agents:
A: Metomidate, Propanilid

Sedatives

Q: Name two phenothiazine sedatives:
A: Acepromazine, Chlorpromazine

Q: Name two alpha2-adrenergic agonist sedatives:
A: Xylazine, Detomidin

Q: Name two benzodiazepine sedatives:
A: Diazepam, Zolazepam

Q: Name two butyrophenone sedatives:
A: Azaperone, Droperidol

Q: Name two Rauwolfia alkaloid sedatives:
A: Reserpine, Metoserpate

Analgesics

Opioid Analgesics

Q: Name three opioid analgesics:
A: Morphine, Codeine, Heroine

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Carboxylic Acids

Q: Name the salicylate NSAID:
A: Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

Q: Name two propionic acid NSAIDs:
A: Ketoprofen, Carprofen

Q: Name two fenemate NSAIDs:
A: Tolfenamic acid, Meclofenamic acid

Q: Name the phenylacetic acid NSAID:
A: Acetaminophen (paracetamol)

Q: Name the aminonicotinic acid NSAID:
A: Flunixin

Enolic Acids

Q: Name the pyrazolone, enolic acid - NSAID:
A: Phenylbutazone

Q: Name two oxicam, enolic acid - NSAIDs:
A: Meloxicams, Piroxicams

Other NSAID Categories

Q: Name two coxib NSAIDs:
A: Deracoxib, Firocoxib

Q: Name another NSAID not in the above categories:
A: Tepoxalin

Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Q: Name two glucocorticoid steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:
A: Hydrocortisone, Fludrocortisone

Drugs affecting nervous system:

Q: Name two directly acting parasympathomimetics:
A: Acetylcholine, Muscarine

Q: Name two indirectly acting parasympathomimetics:
A: Physostigmine, Neostigmine

Q: Name two parasympatholytics (cholinergic antagonists):
A: Atropine, Scopolamine

Q: Name two sympathomimetics (adrenergic agonists):
A: Adrenaline, Dopamine

Q: Name two sympatholytics (adrenergic antagonists):
A: Ergotamine, Prazosine

Cardiovascular Drugs

Positive Inotropes

Q: Name a cardiac glycoside:
A: Digoxin

Q: Name a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor:
A: Pimobendane

Q: Name three catecholamines used as positive inotropes:
A: Dopamine, Dobutamine, Epinephrine

Antihypertensives and Vasodilators

Q: Name two ACE inhibitors:
A: Enalapril, Benazepril

Q: Name two calcium channel blockers:
A: Amlodipine, Diltiazem

Q: Name an alpha-blocker:
A: Prazosin

Q: Name two beta-blockers:
A: Propanolol, Metoprolol

Q: Name two diuretics:
A: Furosemide, Chlorothiazide

Antianemic Agents

Q: Name three antianemic agents:
A: Vitamin B12, Folic acid, Iron

Agents Influencing Blood Coagulation

Anticoagulants

Q: Name three inhibitors of clotting factors:
A: Heparin, Dalteparin, Enoxaparin

Q: Name two vitamin K antagonists:
A: Sodium warfarin, Ethyl biscoumacetate

Q: Name two calcium chelators used in vitro:
A: Sodium citrate, Sodium oxalate

Q: Name an enzymatic anticoagulant:
A: Streptokinase

Drugs Used to Treat Bleeding

Q: What are the three main categories of drugs used to treat bleeding?
A: Haemostatics, Lyophilized concentrates, Astringents

Q: Name two astringents used to treat bleeding:
A: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

Drugs affecting the respiratory tract:

Respiratory System Drugs

Mucolytics and Expectorants

Q: Name two saline expectorants:
A: Ammonium chloride, Ammonium carbonate

Q: Name two direct stimulant expectorants:
A: Eucalyptus oil, Guaifenesin

Q: Name two mucolytics:
A: N-acetylcysteine, Dembrexine

Antitussive Drugs

Q: Name two narcotic antitussives:
A: Morphine, Codeine

Q: Name a non-narcotic antitussive:
A: Dextromethorphan

Bronchodilators

Q: Name two nonselective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists:
A: Epinephrine, Ephedrine

Q: Name two beta2-selective agonists:
A: Terbutaline, Clenbuterol

Q: Name a methylxanthine bronchodilator:
A: Theophylline

Q: Name an anticholinergic bronchodilator:
A: Atropine

Q: Name a respiratory stimulant:
A: Doxapram

Digestive System Drugs

Drugs Affecting Mouth and Pharynx

Q: Name a salivary stimulant (sialagogue):
A: Gentian

Q: Name a salivary inhibitor (antisialagogue):
A: Atropine

Drugs Affecting Oesophagus

Q: Name a spasmolytic that relaxes oesophageal tonus:
A: Acepromazine

Drugs Affecting Rumen, Stomach and Proventriculus

Q: Name three carminatives and antispasmodics:
A: Turpentine oils, Peppermint, Atropine

Q: Name two emetics:
A: Apomorphine HCl, Xylazine

Q: Name two antiemetics:
A: Chlorpromazine, Acepromazine

Q: Name two antitympanics:
A: Sodium propionate, Calcium propionate

Drugs Affecting Intestines

Q: Name two purgatives and laxatives:
A: Liquid paraffin, Magnesium sulphate

Q: Name two antidiarrhoeal drugs:
A: Activated charcoal, Tanninum

Q: Name two intestinal spasmolytics:
A: Atropine, Papaverine