30-SECOND PHILOSOPHIES Consultant Editor: Barry Loewer Contributors include Julian Baggini, Kati Balog, James Garvey, Jeremy Stangroom. Published by Icon Books Ltd in 2010.

Foreword: Philosophy addresses significant questions about morality, knowledge, existence, and reality while fostering critical thinking.

Introduction: Philosophy examines foundational questions in various fields like science and ethics, engaging in a continuous dialogue over 2,500 years, highlighting key philosophical ideas.

Key Areas:

• Language & Logic: Aristotle’s syllogisms, Russell’s paradox, and Frege’s logicism.

• Science & Epistemology: Descartes’ mind-body problem, Hume’s induction issue, Popper’s conjectures.

• Mind & Metaphysics: Concepts from Fodor, Parfit, Kant’s dualism.

• Ethics & Political Philosophy: Aristotle’s ethics, Kant’s imperative, Mill’s utilitarianism.

• Religion: Aquinas’ five ways, Anselm’s argument, Epicurus’ riddle.

• Grand Moments: Socratic method, Plato’s cave, Aristotle’s causes.

Philosophers: Profiles include Aristotle, Russell, Frege, Kant, and Popper. Key concepts like dualism, relativism, and the significance of moral character are explored throughout the text. Challenges to knowledge and reasoning are discussed, such as Gettier cases, Hume's problem of induction, and the trolley problem.