Untitled Flashcards Set

PNS: all nerves found outside of the brain + spinal cord

Sensory division: afferent send impulses from the senses to the CNS

sympathetic division: used in emergency situations

Parasympathetic: Reduces the sympathetic response and provides a resting function

Motor division: Efferent send impulses from the CNS to the muscles and glands

Nervous= master control system and works with the endocrine system

Sensory input- detects stimuli inside + outside the body

integration: processing + interpreting informqtion

Response- activation of muscles motor output or glands

Major nerve cells:

Neurons: conducts impulses around the body (10%) Nueroglia: “never glue” supports, insulates, and protects neurons

Neurons have different structs but all have a main cell body with processes extending outward.

The cell body contains a nucleus cytoplasm and organelles

Processes are divided into

dendrites - bring impulses toward the cell body

Axon- sends impulses away from the cell body

End in axon terminals which release neurotransmitters to pass the impulse to the next neuron

Neurons are classified by the number of processes extending from the cell body

Neurons are also classified by their function

Afferent- carry impulses towards the CNS
Efferent- carries impulses away from CNS
interneurons- Connect afferent and efferent

Protection

Axons are wrapped in myelin which is like insulation

To form myelin a Schwann cell (type of neuroglial wraps itself around the axon like a coil

The outer layer of the Schwan cell is called the neurilemma

Myelin helps the nerve impulses travel more quickly

Myelin wrappings are called the myelin sheath

Since the sheath is formed by Schwann cells it has gaps called nodes of rainveir

Nuerogili cells within the CNS:

Astrocytes: support + nuerons to capillaiies

Microglia: provide immune response to the CNS

Ependymal cells: secrete + circulate CSF

Oligodendrocytes: provide myelin insulation to neurons

Within the PNS:

Satlite cels: support + anchor nuerons

Schawn cells: proviide mylien inuslation