Hypertension

Learning Objectives – Hypertension (Ch 12)

1. Explain the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment (diuretics

only) of hypertension.

Predisposing factors: Genetics, age, diet, obesity, smoking, prolonged stress, physical inactivity

Pathogenesis: vasoconstriction, increase resistance, increase blood volume, sodium retention (RAAS) 

Diuretics : take sodium out of the blood stream, or prevents resorbtion into the blood stream, water follows through osmosis and bv decreases = normal bp

2. Differentiate between primary and secondary hypertension.

Primary: chronic elevated blood pressure (idiopathic) 

Secondary: high bp due to another disease (ex: renal or endocrine)

3. Identify manifestations of uncontrolled hypertension

Early: Asymptomatic, sometimes fatigue, malaise, morning headache 

Later: end organ damage

4. Explain the possible long-term complications of hypertension.

increases the risk of stroke, heart disease, and renal disease