ch. 10 vocab

1. Blood: The fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins, carrying nutrients and oxygen to and waste materials away from all body tissues.

2. Formed Elements: The cellular components of blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

3. Plasma: The liquid part of blood, made up mostly of water, in which the formed elements are suspended.

4. Buffy Coat: The thin layer of white blood cells and platelets that forms between the plasma and red blood cells when blood is centrifuged.

5. Hematocrit: The percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells.

6. Albumin: A protein in blood plasma that helps maintain blood's osmotic pressure.

7. Erythrocytes: Another name for red blood cells, which carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues.

8. Hemoglobin: The protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen.

9. Oxyhemoglobin: Hemoglobin bound to oxygen.

10. Anemia: A condition in which the blood doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin.

11. Leukocytes: Another name for white blood cells, which are part of the immune system.

12. Diapedesis: The movement of white blood cells out of the bloodstream and into tissues.

13. Amoeba: A type of single-celled organism that can change shape.

14. Pseudopod: A temporary arm-like projection used by some cells, like amoebas, for movement and feeding.

15. Leukocytosis: An increase in the number of white blood cells, often due to infection.

16. Leukemia: A type of cancer that affects white blood cells.

17. Phagocytes: Cells that engulf and digest foreign particles and pathogens.

18. Neutrophils: A type of white blood cell that is the first to respond to infection.

19. Eosinophils: A type of white blood cell involved in fighting parasites and allergic reactions.

20. Basophils: A type of white blood cell that releases histamine during allergic reactions.

21. Histamine: A compound released by cells in response to injury and allergic reactions, causing inflammation.

22. Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell involved in the immune response.

23. Monocytes: A type of white blood cell that can differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells.

24. Platelets: Small cell fragments that play a key role in blood clotting.

25. Thrombocyte: Another name for platelets.

26. Megakaryocytes: Large bone marrow cells that produce platelets.

27. Hematopoiesis: The process of blood cell formation.

28. Hemocytoblasts: Stem cells in the bone marrow that give rise to all types of blood cells.

29. Myeloid Cell: A type of blood cell derived from a myeloid stem cell, including red blood cells, platelets, and some white blood cells.

30. Lymphoid Cell: A type of blood cell derived from a lymphoid stem cell, including lymphocytes.

31. Hemostasis: The process of stopping bleeding.

32. Fibrin: A protein that forms a mesh to help clot blood.

33. Coagulation: The process of blood clotting.

34. Thrombus: A blood clot that forms in a blood vessel.

35. Embolus: A blood clot or other substance that travels through the bloodstream and can cause blockages.

36. Antigen: A substance that triggers an immune response.

37. Antibodies: Proteins produced by the immune system to neutralize or destroy antigens.

38. Agglutination: The clumping of particles, such as blood cells, in response to an antibody.

39. Hemolysis: The destruction of red blood cells.

40. Blood Type: The classification of blood based on the presence or absence of certain antigens on the surface of red blood cells.