CMT - Ch 9 Eyes and Ear

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Chapter 9 – Eyes & Ear 🔬

Anatomy Terms

• Sclera – white of the eye

• Cornea – clear anterior part over iris/pupil

• Iris – regulates light entering the eye

• Pupil – opening in the center of the iris

• Lens – focuses and bends light

• Retina – contains vision receptors

• Choroid – vascular middle layer

• Optic nerve – transmits images to brain

• Vitreous humor – jelly-like substance behind lens

• Aqueous humor – fluid between cornea and lens

• Conjunctiva – mucous membrane over sclera

• Lacrimal sac – drains tears

• Auricle (pinna) – outer ear

• External auditory canal – conducts sound to eardrum

• Tympanic membrane – eardrum

• Eustachian tube – equalizes pressure

• Cochlea – hearing structure in inner ear

• Semicircular canals – balance

• Vestibule – equilibrium

• Auditory nerve (CN VIII) – carries sound info 💉

  Medical Terms (Built from Word Parts)

• ophthalm/o/logy – study of the eye

• retin/itis – inflammation of retina

• blephar/itis – eyelid inflammation

• scler/itis – scleral inflammation

• irid/o/plegia – paralysis of iris

• blephar/o/plasty – eyelid repair

• ot/o/rrhea – ear discharge

• myring/itis – eardrum inflammation

• ot/o/plasty – ear reshaping 🧬

  Word Parts

• ophthalm/o – eye

• retin/o – retina

• scler/o – sclera

• kerat/o – cornea

• blephar/o – eyelid

• irid/o – iris

• -itis – inflammation

• -ectomy – removal

• -plegia – paralysis

• -plasty – surgical repair

• -scope – instrument to view

• -meter – instrument to measure

• ot/o – ear

• audi/o – hearing

• myring/o – eardrum

• tympan/o – middle ear

• -rrhea – discharge

• -tomy – incision

• -metry – process of measuring 🚫

  Terms NOT Built from Word Parts …

• Astigmatism (AST) – irregular curvature of cornea/lens

• Hyperopia – farsightedness

• Myopia – nearsightedness

• Presbyopia – age-related vision loss

• Retinal detachment – retina separates from the choroid

• Presbycusis – age-related hearing loss

• Vertigo – spinning sensation 🔠

  Abbreviations:

• ARMD – Age-related macular degeneration

• AST – Astigmatism

• Ophth – Ophthalmology

• VA – Visual acuity

• IOP – Intraocular pressure

• OM – Otitis media

• ENT – Ear, nose, throat

• HOH – Hard of hearing

• Otolaryngologist – ENT specialist 🏥

  Clinical Categories …
  Signs/Symptoms

• Blurred vision – a common visual complaint where vision is not sharp or clear

• Eye pain – discomfort or ache in or around the eye

• Photophobia – extreme sensitivity to light

• Tinnitus – ringing in the ears

• Hearing loss – partial or total inability to hear
  Diseases

• Cataract – clouding of the lens

• Glaucoma – optic nerve damage from high IOP

• Otitis media (OM) – inflammation of the middle ear
  Diagnostics

• Ophthalmoscope – eye exam tool

• Keratometer – measures corneal curvature

• Audiometry – hearing test

• Otoscope – tool to examine ear
  Surgical Procedures (Eye)

• LASIK – corrective eye surgery

• Iridectomy – excision of the iris
  Surgical Procedures (Ear)

• Myringotomy – incision in eardrum

• Tympanoplasty – middle ear repair
  Specialists

• Ophthalmologist – eye specialist

• **Audi