Anatomical Terms and Body Regions:
Here are all the flashcards based on the document:
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### Anatomical Terms and Body Regions:
Front: Anatomical Position
Back: A standard position of the body used as a reference. Body is upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.
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Front: Left vs Right
Back: Refers to the body's perspective, not the observer's.
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Front: Cranial (Cephalic)
Back: Head or skull region.
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Front: Frontal
Back: Forehead region.
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Front: Nasal
Back: Nose region.
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Front: Orbital
Back: Eye region.
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Front: Buccal
Back: Cheek region.
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Front: Aural
Back: Ear region.
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Front: Oral
Back: Mouth region.
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Front: Mental
Back: Chin region.
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Front: Cervical
Back: Neck region.
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Front: Acromial
Back: Shoulder region.
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Front: Brachial
Back: Arm region.
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Front: Axillary
Back: Armpit region.
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Front: Antecubital
Back: Front of the elbow.
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Front: Antebrachial
Back: Forearm region.
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Front: Carpal
Back: Wrist region.
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Front: Manus
Back: Hand region.
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Front: Palmar
Back: Palm region.
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Front: Pollex
Back: Thumb region.
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Front: Digital (Hand)
Back: Fingers.
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Front: Thoracic
Back: Chest region.
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Front: Pectoral
Back: Chest muscles region.
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Front: Mammary
Back: Breast region.
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Front: Sternal
Back: Breastbone region.
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Front: Abdominal
Back: Abdomen region.
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Front: Umbilical
Back: Navel (belly button) region.
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Front: Coxal
Back: Hip region.
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Front: Pelvic
Back: Pelvis region.
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Front: Inguinal
Back: Groin region.
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Front: Pubic
Back: Genital region.
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Front: Femoral
Back: Thigh region.
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Front: Patellar
Back: Front of the knee.
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Front: Crural
Back: Leg region.
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Front: Tarsal
Back: Ankle region.
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Front: Pedal
Back: Foot region.
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Front: Digital (Foot)
Back: Toes.
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Front: Hallux
Back: Big toe.
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Front: Olecranon
Back: Back of the elbow.
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Front: Dorsum
Back: Back region.
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Front: Scapular
Back: Shoulder blade region.
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Front: Vertebral
Back: Spine region.
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Front: Lumbar
Back: Lower back region.
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Front: Sacral
Back: Region between hips.
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Front: Gluteal
Back: Buttock region.
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Front: Popliteal
Back: Back of the knee.
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Front: Sural
Back: Calf region.
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Front: Calcaneal
Back: Heel region.
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Front: Plantar
Back: Sole of the foot.
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Front: Right Hypochondriac
Back: Upper right region of the abdomen.
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Front: Epigastric
Back: Upper central region of the abdomen.
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Front: Left Hypochondriac
Back: Upper left region of the abdomen.
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Front: Right Lumbar
Back: Middle right region of the abdomen.
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Front: Umbilical
Back: Central region of the abdomen.
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Front: Left Lumbar
Back: Middle left region of the abdomen.
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Front: Right Iliac (Inguinal)
Back: Lower right region of the abdomen.
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Front: Hypogastric
Back: Lower central region of the abdomen.
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Front: Left Iliac (Inguinal)
Back: Lower left region of the abdomen.
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### Directional Terms:
Front: Superior
Back: Above or higher in position.
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Front: Inferior
Back: Below or lower in position.
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Front: Cranial
Back: Toward the head.
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Front: Caudal
Back: Toward the tail or lower part of the body.
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Front: Anterior
Back: Front of the body.
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Front: Posterior
Back: Back of the body.
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Front: Ventral
Back: Toward the front of the body.
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Front: Dorsal
Back: Toward the back of the body.
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Front: Proximal
Back: Closer to the point of attachment to the body.
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Front: Distal
Back: Farther from the point of attachment to the body.
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Front: Superficial
Back: Toward or at the body surface.
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Front: Deep
Back: Away from the body surface.
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Front: Lateral
Back: Away from the midline of the body.
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Front: Medial
Back: Toward the midline of the body.
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### Planes:
Front: Frontal (Coronal) Plane
Back: Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.
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Front: Sagittal Plane
Back: Divides the body into left and right parts.
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Front: Transverse (Horizontal) Plane
Back: Divides the body into upper and lower parts.
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### Microscope Parts:
Front: Base
Back: Provides stable support for the microscope.
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Front: Arm
Back: Used to support and carry the microscope.
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Front: Power Switch
Back: Turns the microscope on and off.
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Front: Voltage Regulator
Back: Adjusts the light intensity.
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Front: Illuminator
Back: Provides light to view the specimen.
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Front: Condenser
Back: Focuses light through the specimen.
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Front: Iris Diaphragm
Back: Adjusts the amount of light passing through the specimen.
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Front: Stage
Back: Holds the slide being viewed.
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Front: Mechanical Stage
Back: Allows for precise movement of the slide.
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Front: Coarse Focus
Back: Used for general focusing.
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Front: Fine Focus
Back: Used for precise focusing.
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Front: Stage Adjustment Knobs
Back: Moves the stage left/right and forward/backward.
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Front: Objectives
Back: Lenses that magnify the specimen, ranging from scanning (4x) to high power (40x).
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Front: Oculars
Back: Eyepieces through which the specimen is viewed.
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### Cells and Mitosis:
Front: Cell Membrane
Back: Outer boundary of the cell, controls movement of substances in and out.
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Front: Cytosol
Back: Fluid portion of the cell where organelles are suspended.
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Front: Nucleus
Back: Control center of the cell.
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Front: Nucleolus
Back: Produces ribosomes.
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Front: Nuclear Envelope
Back: Double membrane surrounding the nucleus.
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Front: Nuclear Pores
Back: Allows transport of materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
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Front: Rough ER
Back: Involved in protein synthesis and modification.
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Front: Smooth ER
Back: Synthesizes lipids and detoxifies chemicals.
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Front: Golgi Apparatus
Back: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.
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Front: Mitochondria
Back: Powerhouse of the cell, produces energy (ATP).
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Front: Centriole
Back: Helps in cell division.
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Front: Lysosome
Back: Contains digestive enzymes to break down waste.
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Front: Peroxisome
Back: Breaks down fatty acids and detoxifies harmful substances.
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Front: Interphase
Back: Period of the cell cycle between divisions, where the cell grows and DNA is replicated.
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Front: Prophase
Back: Chromosomes become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves