Unit 2

. Describe and draw the atomic structure

Protons nuetrons

2. What are the major chemical elements found in living things? Which one is the most common?

Oxigen, nitrogen, and

3. How do atoms combine with each other? What do they form then?

through the interaction of valence electrons of the combining atoms.

4. What type of chemical bonding do you know? How do they differ? Provide examples

How electrons are used

5. How does an atom differ from an ion? What’s an ionic form of an element?

Atoms are neutral; they contain the same number of protons as electrons

6. What’s the molecular structure of water? Draw it indicating the bonds within a molecule and between water molecules.

One is covalent bonds which are very strong and found between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms within the water molecule.

7. What properties does water have? For each property provide an example (refer to our lab)

ph

8. What’s the pH scale? Provide a few examples of different pH

The ph scale is the scale used to dedect acid in liquids

9. What are exothermic and endothermic reactions?

When energy is transferred to the surroundings, this is called an exothermic reaction and usually feels hot. When energy is taken in from the surroundings, this is called an endothermic reaction and usually feel cold.

10. What are enzymes and how do they work? Illustrate how enzymes stick to a substrate

a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies.

11. Give examples of enzymes and the products of their reactions.

Lactase> Lactose> Glucose and galactose

12. What factors impact the enzyme’s work?

Temperature and ph