PR1-Q1-W6-1

Department of Education Information

• Organization: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON Schools Division of Quezon Province

• School: Quezon National High School

• Location: M.L. Tagarao Street, Ibabang Iyam, Lucena City

• Course Title: Practical Research 1

• Quarter: Quarter 1

Most Essential Learning Competencies

• Cites related literature using a standard style (C-C)

• Synthesizes information from relevant literature (C-M)

• Writes a coherent review of literature (C-M)

Session Objectives (Day 1)

After the sessions, learners shall be able to:

1. Differentiate Theoretical and Conceptual Framework (An-C).

2. Write the Theoretical and Conceptual Framework (C-M).

3. Use appropriate shapes and figures in crafting the Research Paradigm (Ap-M).

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

• Day: Day 1 (In-Person)

Concept Mapping Activity

• Task: Working in groups, create a concept map.

• Focus Questions:

  1. How will you differentiate theory from concept?

  2. Which one is broader?

  3. Which one explains phenomena?

  4. Which one contributes to phenomena?

Investigating Phenomena (Based on Research)

• Answer the following based on your working research title:

  1. What is the phenomenon you are investigating?

  2. Define the phenomena in terms of:

     • 2.1. Persons/Things involved.

     • 2.2. Assumed situation for why phenomena are occurring.

  3. What are your assumed manifestations of the phenomena?

  4. How can you document or gather evidence about the manifestations?

Deepening Knowledge

• Identify underlying theories and concepts relevant to your identified phenomena to distinguish between:

  • Abstraction: Theoretical vs. Conceptual

Functions of Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

1. Build the foundation (basis) of research.

2. Show how the study advances knowledge.

3. Justify how the study was conceptualized.

4. Serve as a basis for research design and instrumentation.

5. Provide references for interpretation of findings.

Distinction between Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

• Theoretical Framework:

  • Broad explanation of behavior and attitudes through variables, constructs, or hypotheses.

  • Micro perspective; relates closely to research objectives.

  • Provides background scaffold for ideas; explains phenomena based on known theories.

• Conceptual Framework:

  • Uses and borrows theoretical perspectives; indirect connection to research objectives.

  • Connects ideas from theories to the current investigation; reveals the researcher’s perspective.

  • Explains phenomena and connections among variables in research questions.

Contents of Theoretical Framework

1. From which theory/theories can you anchor your research study?

2. What theory addresses your investigation's concern?

3. How does the theory explain the investigated issue?

4. What can the theory elucidate about the occurrence?

Contents of Conceptual Framework

1. Identify the concepts linked to theories in the theoretical framework.

2. Explain interrelations among concepts, previous research, and current experiences.

3. Discuss concepts related to assumptions and hypotheses under investigation.

Narrative in Conceptual Framework

• Ensure that your narrative:

  • Explains relationships between concepts.

  • Links selected concepts from various theories or experiences.

  • Is based on the theoretical framework, with clear operationalization of cited theories.

  • Describes how variables relate to one another.

Essential Contents for Theoretical Framework

• Application:

  • Theory

  • Theorist(s)

  • Claims

  • Explanation about the phenomena being studied.

Essential Contents for Conceptual Framework

• Application:

  • Concepts

  • Authors

  • Claims

  • Interactions contributing to phenomena being studied.

Research Paradigm (Day 2)

• Task: With your working research title and questions, establish:

  1. Target Source of Data

  2. Main Concepts in the Study

  3. Planned Data Gathering Process

  4. Planned Data Gathering Instrument

  5. Assumed Research Output/Result

Analyzing Shapes and Lines in Research Paradigm

• Identify:

  • Shapes used and their meanings.

  • Lines and their meanings.

Purpose and Content of Research Paradigm

• Purpose: Schematic illustration of the research concept; illustrates investigation parameters with shapes and arrows.

• Content:

  • Data Sources

  • Main Concepts in the Study

  • Planned Data Gathering Process

  • Planned Research Instruments

  • Assumed Research Output/Result

Meaning of Shapes and Lines in Research Paradigm

• Sharp-edged box = main variables

• Soft-edged box = contributory concept

• Line = connection/relationship

• Arrow = flow/direction

• Other polygons = data gathering process.

Draft Research Paradigm

• Activity: Apply learning from research paradigm crafting sessions into your draft for feedback.

Writing Research Manuscript and RRL

• Task 1: Reflect on quality criteria for writing theoretical frameworks, conceptual frameworks, and research paradigms.

• Task 2: Draft discussions on Theoretical, Conceptual, and Research Paradigms.

References

• Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.

• Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach.

• McMillan, J.H. & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry.

Standards of Adequacy for Review of Literature

1. Selection of Literature: Indicate the purpose of the review (preliminary/exhaustive), reason for inclusions/exclusions, and summary of sources used.

2. Summary and Analysis of Literature: Organize by topics, adequately analyze methodologies, compare studies, and provide critiques.

3. Relationship to Current Study: Ensure summaries relate to research problems and provide rationale for design.

Tasks and Revisions for Research Manuscript

• Submit drafts for consultation sessions, highlight revisions, and respond to feedback with necessary adjustments.

Ethical Standards in Writing RRL

• Ensure consistency among cited and referenced sources, using proper citation styles, and adhering to ethical standards.