CDI445 FInal10

AAC Flashcards

Front: What does AAC stand for?
Back: Alternative and Augmentative Communication.

Front: What is AAC?
Back: AAC is an intervention approach that temporarily or permanently supports communication for individuals with expressive and/or receptive language impairments.

Front: What does AAC help compensate for or facilitate?
Back: Communication difficulties caused by impairments or disabilities that affect expressive and/or receptive language.

Front: What does CCN stand for?
Back: Complex Communication Needs.

Front: Who has complex communication needs?
Back: People who have communication impairments that affect daily communication and prevent successful communication exchanges.

AAC Populations

Front: What are the two main categories of AAC users?
Back: Individuals with congenital disabilities and individuals with acquired disabilities.

Front: What are congenital disabilities?
Back: Disabilities that are present from birth or develop early in life.

Front: What are examples of congenital disabilities that may require AAC?
Back: Autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, developmental disabilities, developmental apraxia of speech, and genetic disorders.

Front: What are acquired disabilities?
Back: Disabilities that occur after birth because of injury, illness, surgery, or another medical condition.

Front: What are examples of acquired disabilities that may require AAC?
Back: Cerebrovascular accidents, traumatic or acquired brain injuries, neurodegenerative diseases, disabilities following surgery, and temporary conditions such as intubation.

Front: What is an example of a surgery-related reason someone may need AAC?
Back: Laryngectomy.

Front: What is an example of a temporary condition that may require AAC?
Back: Intubation.

AAC System

Front: What is an AAC system?
Back: An AAC system is an integrated group of components used to enhance communication.

Front: What three language areas are relevant to AAC systems?
Back: Form, content, and use.

Front: What does “form” include in an AAC system?
Back: Rules for combining symbols to create understandable messages for communication partners.

Front: What does “content” include in an AAC system?
Back: The selection and organization of vocabulary and communication messages.

Front: What does “use” include in an AAC system?
Back: Maximizing language use so the individual can communicate effectively and efficiently with many people in many situations.

Multi-Modal Communication

Front: What does multimodal communication mean?
Back: Using multiple ways or modalities to communicate.

Front: What are examples of multimodal communication?
Back: Gestures, speech, facial expressions, writing, drawing, and AAC systems.

Front: Can children who use AAC continue using speech and gestures?
Back: Yes. AAC users can continue to use multimodal communication to express their message.

Front: Why is multimodal communication important?
Back: It allows the person to use all available communication methods to express meaning.

Forms of AAC

Front: What are the two main forms of AAC?
Back: Unaided AAC and aided AAC.

Front: What is unaided AAC?
Back: AAC that does not require an external tool but does require some motor control.

Front: What are examples of unaided AAC?
Back: Gestures, manual signs, facial expressions, verbalizations, vocalizations, and body language.

Front: What is aided AAC?
Back: AAC that requires external support from an electronic or nonelectronic system.

Front: What are the two types of aided AAC?
Back: Low/light tech and high tech.

Aided AAC

Front: What is low/light-tech AAC?
Back: Aided AAC that uses nonelectronic or simple materials.

Front: What are examples of low/light-tech AAC?
Back: Pictures, objects, photographs, writing, communication boards, and communication books.

Front: What is high-tech AAC?
Back: AAC that uses electronic technology to support communication.

Front: What are examples of high-tech AAC?
Back: Speech-generating devices, single-message devices, recordable/digitalized devices, and AAC software on computers, iPads, or smartphones.

Front: What is a speech-generating device?
Back: A high-tech AAC device that produces spoken messages when the user selects symbols, words, or messages.

AAC Strategies and Techniques

Front: What is an AAC strategy?
Back: A method used to communicate effectively and efficiently.

Front: What is prediction in AAC?
Back: A dynamic retrieval process where options change based on the part of a word or message already created.

Front: What is an example of prediction?
Back: Text prediction.

Front: What is encoding in AAC?
Back: A strategy that helps an individual quickly express a longer message.

Front: What are examples of encoding?
Back: Color coding and symbol coding.

Front: What is an AAC technique?
Back: The way a message is conveyed.

Front: What is direct selection?
Back: A technique where the person directly selects a symbol.

Front: What are examples of direct selection?
Back: Pointing or eye gaze selection.

Front: What is scanning?
Back: A technique used when a person has physical limitations, where symbols are displayed in a predetermined pattern for selection.

AAC Selection

Front: What is a selection set?
Back: The number of messages, symbols, and codes available at one time.

Front: What is a fixed display?
Back: A display where symbols and messages do not change after the person selects a location.

Front: What is a dynamic display?
Back: A display that changes after a location is selected.

Front: Why is selecting the right activating device important?
Back: It determines how the person will access and use the AAC system.

Front: What are examples of AAC activating devices?
Back: Stylus, switches, and eye gaze.

AAC Misconceptions

Front: What is a common misconception about AAC?
Back: That AAC inhibits or replaces speech.

Front: Does AAC stop speech or language development?
Back: No. AAC does not hinder speech or language development.

Front: How can AAC affect verbal output?
Back: AAC often helps children increase their verbal output abilities.

Front: What does AAC actually provide?
Back: A way to augment existing communication skills and provide alternative communication strategies when needed.

Visual Scene Displays

Front: What are visual scene displays, or VSDs?
Back: AAC displays that use familiar photos or scenes with touchable “hot spots” that speak related messages.

Front: How do VSDs organize vocabulary and messages?
Back: Schematically rather than semantically.

Front: What do visual scene displays often show?
Back: Familiar scenes, objects, or people.

Front: What are “hot spots” in a visual scene display?
Back: Areas on a photo that the user touches to speak messages related to the scene or object.

Front: Who can VSDs be especially helpful for?
Back: Emerging communicators who struggle with traditional grid-based communication systems.

Front: Why may young children relate to VSDs more quickly?
Back: Because VSDs use familiar photos and scenes instead of abstract grids.

PECS Flashcards

Front: What does PECS stand for?
Back: Picture Exchange Communication System.

Front: What is the primary goal of PECS?
Back: To teach functional communication.

Front: PECS is especially popular with which population?
Back: Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.

Front: How many phases does PECS have?
Back: Six phases.

Front: How does PECS begin?
Back: By teaching the individual to give a single picture of a desired item or action to a communication partner.

Front: What should the communication partner do in early PECS?
Back: Immediately honor the picture exchange as a request.

Front: What does PECS teach after single-picture requesting?
Back: Picture discrimination and combining pictures into sentences.

Front: What do advanced PECS phases teach?
Back: Using modifiers, answering questions, and commenting.

Front: Does PECS have strong research support according to the PowerPoint?
Back: No. The PowerPoint states that PECS does not have strong research support.

Quick Review Flashcards

Front: What type of AAC does not require an external tool?
Back: Unaided AAC.

Front: What type of AAC requires an external support?
Back: Aided AAC.

Front: What type of AAC includes communication boards and books?
Back: Low/light-tech aided AAC.

Front: What type of AAC includes speech-generating devices?
Back: High-tech aided AAC.

Front: What AAC technique involves pointing or eye gaze?
Back: Direct selection.

Front: What AAC technique is often used with physical limitations?
Back: Scanning.

Front: What display changes after a location is selected?
Back: Dynamic display.

Front: What display stays the same after a location is selected?
Back: Fixed display.

Front: What AAC approach uses photos with touchable hot spots?
Back: Visual scene displays.

Front: What AAC system uses picture exchanges to teach functional communication?
Back: PECS.

Front: True or False: AAC prevents children from learning speech.
Back: False. AAC does not prevent speech development and may help increase verbal output.