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Clinical Considerations:

• When using hypotonic solutions, monitor for fluid shifts, especially in patients with head injuries or cerebral edema, as these patients are at risk for increased intracranial pressure (ICP).

• Hypertonic solutions require careful monitoring of sodium levels and fluid balance, as they can lead to cellular dehydration or hypernatremia if used improperly.

In summary:

• Hypotonic solutions dilute the blood and hydrate the cells, ideal for treating cellular dehydration.

• Hypertonic solutions pull fluid out of the cells and expand blood volume, used for conditions like severe hyponatremia or brain swelling.

Would you like further details on specific types of IV fluid