Kingdom Animalia

Invertebrates

• Symmetry   * bilateral   * asymmetrical   * radial
• Germ layers   * endoderm - internal organ lining   * mesoderm - organ systems   * ectoderm - skin/nervous system
• Terms   * cephalization     * a concentration of sensory organs at the anterior end of an organism   * hermaphroditism     * having both male and female reproductive organs   * coelomate     * having a true body cavity   * aceolomate     * having no body cavity   * pseudoceolomate     * having a false body cavity   * regeneration     * the ability to regrow limbs   * locomotion/sessile     * the ability/inability to move   * oviparous     * laying eggs   * viviparous     * live birth
• Worm Phylums Associated with…   * coelomates - annelida   * acoelomates - platyhelmenthes   * pseudoceolomate - nematoda
• Worm Phylums with Symmetry   * flatworms - platyhelmenthes   * roundworms - nematoda   * segmented worms - annelida
• Phyla Associated with…   * Spicules - porifera   * Nematocysts - cnidaria   * Medusa/Polyp - cnidaria   * Tube Feet - echinodermata   * Spiny Skin - echinodermata   * Radula - mollusca   * Siphon - mollusca   * Pharynx - cnidaria

Ectothermic Vertebrates

• Description   * regulates body temperature from environment   * backbone
• Associated Animal Groups   * fish   * reptiles   * amphibians

Fish

• operculum   * covering the gills
• swim bladder   * inflation/buoyancy + gas exchange
• lateral line   * nervous system

Reptiles

• neurotoxins vs hemotoxins   * neuro - attacks nervous system   * hemo - attacks circulatory system
• jacobson’s organ   * to help snakes smell
• tetrapods + exclusions   * four-legged vertebrates   * whales
• process of molting   * the shedding of the exoskeleton from previous life stage

Amphibians

• cloaca   * collects waste
• metamorphosis in amphibians
• amphibians vs reptiles   * amphibians: smooth skin, mucus layer   * reptiles: rough skin

Endothermic Vertebrates

• Descriptions   * temperature is self regulated   * backbone
• Methods of Thermoregulation   * alter metabolism
• Associated Animal Groups   * birds   * pigs
• Function of Hypothalamus   * controls body temp

Birds

• Know the process of preening.   * cleaning feathers
• Know the functions of down feathers and contour feathers.   * down feathers - insulation   * contour feathers - flying
• Know the function of the following   * Cloaca - collects waste   * Furculum - flight aid
• Know the following structures of the bird egg   * Chalaza - twisted strands holding yolk in place   * Yolk - where the chick will develop   * Albumen - the egg white

Mammals

• Know the basic characteristics of mammals.   * live birth   * hair   * milk   * nurturing
• Know the function of major organs and structures studied in mammals (Organ Systems of Fetal Pig Lab).   * brain   * heart   * lungs   * liver   * intestines   * kidney   * stomach   * reproductive organs

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