Invertebrates

• Symmetry

  • bilateral

  • asymmetrical

  • radial

• Germ layers

  • endoderm - internal organ lining

  • mesoderm - organ systems

  • ectoderm - skin/nervous system

• Terms

  • cephalization

    • a concentration of sensory organs at the anterior end of an organism

  • hermaphroditism

    • having both male and female reproductive organs

  • coelomate

    • having a true body cavity

  • aceolomate

    • having no body cavity

  • pseudoceolomate

    • having a false body cavity

  • regeneration

    • the ability to regrow limbs

  • locomotion/sessile

    • the ability/inability to move

  • oviparous

    • laying eggs

  • viviparous

    • live birth

• Worm Phylums Associated with…

  • coelomates - annelida

  • acoelomates - platyhelmenthes

  • pseudoceolomate - nematoda

• Worm Phylums with Symmetry

  • flatworms - platyhelmenthes

  • roundworms - nematoda

  • segmented worms - annelida

• Phyla Associated with…

  • Spicules - porifera

  • Nematocysts - cnidaria

  • Medusa/Polyp - cnidaria

  • Tube Feet - echinodermata

  • Spiny Skin - echinodermata

  • Radula - mollusca

  • Siphon - mollusca

  • Pharynx - cnidaria

Ectothermic Vertebrates

• Description

  • regulates body temperature from environment

  • backbone

• Associated Animal Groups

  • fish

  • reptiles

  • amphibians

Fish

• operculum

  • covering the gills

• swim bladder

  • inflation/buoyancy + gas exchange

• lateral line

  • nervous system

Reptiles

• neurotoxins vs hemotoxins

  • neuro - attacks nervous system

  • hemo - attacks circulatory system

• jacobson’s organ

  • to help snakes smell

• tetrapods + exclusions

  • four-legged vertebrates

  • whales

• process of molting

  • the shedding of the exoskeleton from previous life stage

Amphibians

• cloaca

  • collects waste

• metamorphosis in amphibians

• amphibians vs reptiles

  • amphibians: smooth skin, mucus layer

  • reptiles: rough skin

Endothermic Vertebrates

• Descriptions

  • temperature is self regulated

  • backbone

• Methods of Thermoregulation

  • alter metabolism

• Associated Animal Groups

  • birds

  • pigs

• Function of Hypothalamus

  • controls body temp

Birds

• Know the process of preening.

  • cleaning feathers

• Know the functions of down feathers and contour feathers.

  • down feathers - insulation

  • contour feathers - flying

• Know the function of the following

  • Cloaca - collects waste

  • Furculum - flight aid

• Know the following structures of the bird egg

  • Chalaza - twisted strands holding yolk in place

  • Yolk - where the chick will develop

  • Albumen - the egg white

Mammals

• Know the basic characteristics of mammals.

  • live birth

  • hair

  • milk

  • nurturing

• Know the function of major organs and structures studied in mammals (Organ Systems of Fetal Pig Lab).

  • brain

  • heart

  • lungs

  • liver

  • intestines

  • kidney

  • stomach

  • reproductive organs