Unit 8 Glided Age

Inventions

• George Washington Carver: 300 uses of peanuts
• Wright Brother: Airplane
• Sarah Boone: Ironing Board
• Elisha Graves Otis: Elevator
• Lewis H. Latimer: Carbonated Light Blub
• Alexander Graham Bell: Telephone
• William Davis: Refrigerated Railcar
• Mary Walton: Pollution Reducing Device

Captains of Industry and Monopolies

• Andrew Carnegie owns a steel company and he eliminated companies through vertical integration
• Cornelis Vanderbilt owned shipping & railroads and he eliminated everyone using vertical integration
• JP Morgan owned banker & financier he eliminated his competition by bailing out the US government
• John D. Rockefeller founded standard oil and created an oil monopoly and eliminated competition through horizontal integration

Labor

• Great Railroad Stike of 1877
• Haymarket Square Riot, Chicago 1886
• Homestead Strike Pennsylvania - 1892
• Pullman Strike - 1894

The workers went to strike because the companies were cutting wages, and not treating them well. The government was supporting the management and the workers. The Labor Unions didn’t achieve much but a lot of workers were killed.

Immigration

PUSH FACTORS:

1. Escape from oppressive governments and political persecution
2. War or fighting in their country
3. Poverty
4. Shortage of farmland
5. Lack of Opportunity

PULL FACTORS:

1. Hope for better opportunities
2. Religious Freedom
3. Adventure
4. Letters from family and friends
5. Jobs

Old immigrants came from the southernmost side and they were mostly because of hardship and poverty. New immigrants came from the southern, northeast, and southwest sides and they came because of hardships, poverty, job opportunities, and gold.

2 MAJOR PORTS ARE ELLIS ISLAND AND ANGEL ISLAND

Tenements were not spacious and very crowded. Immigrants lived there because they didn’t have much money and these homes were what they can afford.

Americans resisted the new wave of immigrants because they thought that the immigrants were taking the job offers, were not clean, don’t pay taxes.

Chinese immigrants were targeted because people believed the genetic outcome of the new blood will overpopulate the Americans.

The Frontier and Conflict with Native Americans

Battle of Little Bighorn

The settlers started the war because they discovered gold in native American territory and wanted to take the Native American land for themselves. Custer and 200+ men attacked over 2,000 Native Americans and his men are killed. This led to the Army trying to end Native American Resistance.

Wounded Knee Massacre

The slaughter of approximately 150–300 Lakota Indians by United States Army troops in the area of Wounded Knee Creek in southwestern South Dakota.

Dawes Act of 1887

The Dawes Act outlawed tribal ownership of land and forced 160-acre homesteads into the hands of individual Indians and their families with the promise of future citizenship. The goal was to assimilate Native Americans into white culture as quickly as possible.