Lecture 5

Here are practice multiple-choice questions based on your lecture content, covering cell theory, compartments, organelles, membranes, DNA/chromosomes, and Golgi apparatus:

Cell Theory

1. Which of the following is NOT part of the cell theory?
   A) Cells are the building blocks of all plants and animals.
   B) All cells contain a nucleus.
   C) All new cells come from division of existing cells.
   D) Cells are the smallest living units that perform all vital physiological functions.

Answer: B

2. Which statement is true about cells?
   A) All cells are the same size.
   B) Cells cannot divide.
   C) Cells vary greatly in their functions.
   D) Cells do not perform physiological functions.

Answer: C

Intracellular and Extracellular Compartments

3. Which of the following terms refers to the fluid outside of cells?
   A) Cytoplasm
   B) Cytosol
   C) Extracellular fluid (ECF)
   D) Plasma membrane

Answer: C

4. What does the cell plasma membrane do?
   A) Produces energy for the cell.
   B) Separates cell contents from the outer fluid.
   C) Stores genetic information.
   D) Synthesizes proteins.

Answer: B

5. Which of the following is TRUE about cytoplasm?
   A) It only contains fluid.
   B) It refers to all contents inside the cell, including fluid and solid components.
   C) It is found outside of the cell.
   D) It is another term for extracellular fluid.

Answer: B

Organelles

6. What are organelles?
   A) Parts of the plasma membrane.
   B) Structures outside the cell.
   C) Intracellular structures with specific functions.
   D) Types of extracellular fluid.

Answer: C

7. Where are organelles located?
   A) In the extracellular fluid
   B) In the nucleus only
   C) In the cytosol
   D) Outside the plasma membrane

Answer: C

Membrane Structure and Transport

8. The plasma membrane is mainly responsible for:
   A) Producing energy for the cell.
   B) Storing waste products.
   C) Separating the cytoplasm from extracellular fluid.
   D) Digesting old cell parts.

Answer: C

DNA and Chromosomes

9. What happens to DNA during cell division?
   A) It is destroyed.
   B) It becomes tightly coiled, forming chromosomes.
   C) It leaves the cell.
   D) It turns into RNA.

Answer: B

10. What holds the two copies of each chromosome together?
    A) Ribosomes
    B) Centromere
    C) Golgi apparatus
    D) Plasma membrane

Answer: B

Golgi Apparatus

11. Which of the following correctly describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?
    A) It is where proteins are made.
    B) It modifies and sorts proteins for their destinations.
    C) It stores genetic information.
    D) It produces ATP for the cell.

Answer: B

12. Proteins processed in the Golgi apparatus can be sent to:
    A) The mitochondria only.
    B) Only outside the cell.
    C) Another organelle, released from the cell, or become part of the cell membrane.
    D) The extracellular fluid directly without modification.

Answer: C

Let me know if you want short-answer questions or labeling diagrams for your upcoming lecture review this week to integrate into your flashcards and Notability summaries.