What is the general formula of alcohols?

1. RCHO

2. RCOOH

3. ROH

4. RCO

What functional group characterizes alcohols?

1. Carbonyl

2. Hydroxyl

3. Amine

4. Carboxyl

What is the acid character of alcohols attributed to?

1. The alkyl group

2. The carbonyl group

3. The hydroxyl group

4. The amine group

Which bond weakens when the -OH group is protonated at the oxygen?

1. C-C bond

2. C-H bond

3. C-O bond

4. O-H bond

What is released when the -OH group is cleaved off as water from an alcohol?

1. Carbon dioxide

2. Oxygen

3. Hydrogen

4. Nitrogen

Which alcohol is commonly found in alcoholic beverages?

1. Methyl alcohol

2. Ethyl alcohol

3. Propyl alcohol

4. Butyl alcohol

What enzyme catalyzes the fermentation of sugars and starches to produce ethanol?

1. Zymase

2. Amylase

3. Protease

4. Lipase

What type of alcohol is ethanol?

1. Primary alcohol

2. Secondary alcohol

3. Tertiary alcohol

4. Quaternary alcohol

How can primary and secondary alcohols be distinguished from tertiary alcohols using the chromic acid test?

1. Primary alcohols turn orange

2. Secondary alcohols turn green

3. Primary alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes

4. Tertiary alcohols turn orange

What color change indicates the oxidation of a primary alcohol using the chromic acid test?

1. Orange to green

2. Green to orange

3. Orange to red

4. Red to orange

Why are tertiary alcohols not readily oxidized by chromic acid?

1. Lack of oxygen

2. Lack of alpha hydrogen

3. Presence of alpha hydrogen

4. Presence of additional oxygen

What test is employed to further distinguish primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols?

1. Chromic acid test

2. Lucas test

3. Tollens test

4. Fehling's test

How do tertiary alcohols react in the Lucas test?

1. Form an upper layer of alkyl chloride

2. Remain unchanged

3. Turn the solution green

4. Form an upper layer of alkyl bromide

Which alcohol reacts immediately in the Lucas test?

1. Primary alcohol

2. Secondary alcohol

3. Tertiary alcohol

4. Quaternary alcohol

What is the reaction mechanism involved in the Lucas test for tertiary and secondary alcohols?

1. S_N1

2. S_N1

3. S_N2

What is the most important triol?

1. Ethanol

2. Methanol

3. Glycerol

4. Butanol

How is glycerol detected by the acrolein test?

1. It turns blue

2. It forms a white precipitate

3. It forms a pungent odor

4. It produces bubbles

What is formed when glycerol is heated with KHSO₄?

1. Ethanol

2. Acetaldehyde

3. Acrolein

4. Methanol

What is the purpose of the Chromic Acid Test?

1. To test for the presence of aldehydes

2. To test for the presence of alcohols

3. To distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols

4. To test for the presence of carboxylic acids

Which reagents are added to the test tubes in the Chromic Acid Test?

1. Potassium dichromate and sulfuric acid

2. Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide

3. Sodium carbonate and sulfuric acid

4. Hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid

What change in color indicates the end of the Chromic Acid Test?

1. From green to orange

2. From orange to green

3. From blue to red

4. From red to blue

What type of alcohol reacts immediately in the Lucas Test?

1. Primary alcohol

2. Secondary alcohol

3. Tertiary alcohol

4. Benzyl alcohol

What reagent is used in the Lucas Test?

1. Potassium dichromate

2. Lucas reagent

3. Sulfuric acid

4. Sodium hydroxide

What is observed when an insoluble layer or emulsion forms in the Lucas Test?

1. A change in color

2. Formation of a precipitate

3. Formation of an alkyl halide

4. Production of gas bubbles

What is the purpose of the Esterification test?

1. To test for the presence of aldehydes

2. To test for the presence of carboxylic acids

3. To distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols

4. To test for the presence of esters

What is the odor observed in the Esterification test?

1. Fruity

2. Minty

3. Pungent

4. Flowery

What is the purpose of the Test for Methyl Alcohol (Reaction with Copper)?

1. To test for the presence of aldehydes

2. To test for the presence of carboxylic acids

3. To distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols

4. To test for the presence of methyl alcohol

What color is produced at the junction of the two layers in the Test for Methyl Alcohol (Reaction with Copper)?

1. Red

2. Green

3. Blue

4. Yellow

What is the purpose of the Iodoform Test?

1. To test for the presence of aldehydes

2. To test for the presence of carboxylic acids

3. To test for the presence of ketones

4. To test for the presence of alcohols

What reagent is used in the Iodoform Test?

1. Iodine solution and NaOH

2. Bromine water

3. Lucas reagent

4. Chromic acid

What color precipitate is formed in a positive Iodoform Test?

1. Red

2. Yellow

3. White

4. Purple

What is the purpose of the Test for Glycerol?

1. To test for the presence of aldehydes

2. To test for the presence of carboxylic acids

3. To test for the presence of alcohols

4. To test for the presence of esters

What is the odor produced in the Acrolein Test for glycerol?

1. Fruity

2. Minty

3. Pungent

4. Flowery

What is the purpose of the Fermentation test?

1. To test for the presence of aldehydes

2. To test for the presence of carboxylic acids

3. To test for the presence of alcohols

4. To test for the presence of esters

What is the main product of the Fermentation process?

1. Ethanol

2. Methanol

3. Propanol

4. Butanol

At what temperature is the distillate collected during the Fermentation test?

1. 60-65°C

2. 70-75°C

3. 78-79°C

4. 80-85°C

How is the presence of ethanol tested in the distillate during the Fermentation test?

1. Flammability test

2. Iodoform test

3. Lucas test

4. Chromic acid test

What is the purpose of adding Baker's yeast in the Fermentation process?

1. To catalyze the conversion of sugar to ethanol

2. To catalyze the conversion of ethanol to acetic acid

3. To catalyze the conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid

4. To catalyze the conversion of ethanol to methanol