Unit 1-2 Timeline Flashcards

Foundations of European Exploration and Early Settlement ($1492$-$1607$)

Unit 1 tracks the start of European influence in the Americas, beginning with the Colombus Exploration in $1492$. The Encomienda system was initiated in $1503$ to organize labor. Advocating for indigenous rights, Bartolome De Las Casas wrote a letter to the monarchy in $1542$. Physical settlement progressed with the founding of St. Augustine in $1565$ and the establishment of Jamestown in $1607$, which serves as the transition point to the next era.

Colonial Expansion and Governance in Early America ($1607$-$1649$)

Early English colonization was marked by the "starving time" in Jamestown from $1609$-$1610$. Formal governance emerged through the House of Burgesses in $1619$, the Mayflower Compact/Plymouth Rock in $1620$, and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut in $1639$. Religious and social structures developed with the Massachusetts Bay colony in $1630$ during the "Great Pilgrim Migration" ($1630$-$1640$). Dissent and diversity appeared with the establishment of the Rhode Island colony in $1636$, the banishment of Anne Hutchinson in $1638$, and the Act of Religious Toleration in $1649$.

Imperial Regulation and Internal Conflicts ($1650$-$1692$)

Economic policy was defined by the Navigation Acts period of $1650$-$1673$, while the era of Salutary Neglect simultaneously began in $1650$. Significant violence occurred during King Phillip's War (Metacom's War) involving the Wampanoag in $1675$-$1676$, and Bacon's Rebellion in $1676$. Strategic colonial shifts included the founding of Pennsylvania in $1681$ and the creation of the Dominion of New England in $1686$. The period ended with the social crisis of the Witch Trials in $1692$.

Social Shifts and the Lead up to War ($1720s$-$1754$)

The $18th$ century featured a religious revival known as the First Great Awakening during the $1720s$-$1740s$. Legal and economic tensions rose through the Molasses Act in $1733$, the Zengler Trial in $1735$, and the Stono Rebellion in $1739$. Unit 2 concludes in $1754$ with the beginning of the French and Indian War, which marked the end of Salutary Neglect.