e) Price competition

f) types of price competition: price wars, predatory pricing, limit pricing

g) types of non-price competition

price competition

  • price war

    • repeatedly lowering prices to increase market share/drive competitors out of business

  • predatory pricing

    • lowering prices below the COP when a firm enters the market

    • raising prices when the firm has left the market

  • limit pricing = lowering prices below the PML above the COP → to deter competition

non-price competition

  • advertising

  • branding

  • celebrity endorsement