CV

Week 3

Feminist Theory

  • A major branch of sociology
  • Shifts focus from male viewpoint to women’s experiences
  • Advocates for equal rights, primarily focusing on female rights
  • Recognizes that women's experiences in social situations are both different and unequal to men's

Hermeneutical Phenomenology

  • Believes in accepting multiple interpretations of phenomena

  • Focuses on subjective experiences of individuals and groups

  • Hermeneutics:

  • Theory and methodology of interpretation (biblical, wisdom literature, philosophical texts)

  • Involves understanding and communication

  • Phenomenology:

  • Philosophical study of experience and consciousness

Human-Environment System

  • Scientific framework seeking to understand interactions between human systems and environmental systems
  • Changes in one affect the other
  • Numerous interactions characterize the human system, guided by institutions and structures
  • Environmental systems face pressure from human activities
  • Co-evolution of human and environmental systems is necessary for coexistence

Psychoanalysis

  • Method for treating mental disorders, emphasizing unconscious mental processes
  • Often referred to as "depth psychology"
  • Commonly used for treating depression and anxiety disorders
  • Based on early 1890s studies by Freud and Breuer, observing improvements when patients' unconscious thoughts were made conscious during hypnosis

Rational Choice Theory

  • Economic theory predicting individual preferences and choices
  • Posits that behavior reflects the aggregate choices of individuals based on preferences and constraints
  • Outcomes aimed at maximizing benefits and satisfaction
  • Applications include:
  • Economics and Business: Explains purchasing behaviors
  • Politics: Explains voting behavior and political decision-making
  • Sociology: Describes social phenomena; underlines actions driving social change

Institutionalism

  • Approach studying formal and informal institutions and their societal impacts
  • Institutions defined by established laws, customs, practices affecting society through power and influence
  • Essential for understanding social order and community interactions