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DEFINITION OF SPORTS

• Sports is an activity that requires physical action and skills where individuals or teams compete under a set of specific rules and regulations.

• Sports can be played individually, in pairs, or in teams composed of three or more players.

• Individual and dual sports foster greater discipline, self-confidence.focus.and passion.However, in any

sports, focus and being goal-oriented is important. Any sport is best played when the player is familiar of its history,court/venue,gears/equipment,

technical/tactical skills, rules and equipment.

 

*INDIVIDUAL SPORTS

-Games played by a single player against another. The term Individual came from the Latin word “individualis” and “individuus” where “in” means “not”, and the “dividuus” as “divisible”. In this kind of game, the individual competes against his/her previous records or skills.

  - Track events

  - Field Events

 

*DUAL SPORTS

It is played by two allied players opposing another pair of players. The term dual came from the Latin word “duos” or “dualis” which basically means two.

 

Racket Sports

•    Badminton

•    Table Tennis

•    Squash Sports

•    Pickleball

•    Tennis

 

WEEK 2

DEFINITION OF TRACK EVENTS

•Walking and running

 

a.sprints

Sprinters use crouch start and a starting block to             help them get a full and rapid running motion. It includes 100-, 200- and 400-meter dashes. Sprints is also called dashes, are short races in one lap.

 

b.middle distance race

These are the 800, 1000, 1500 meters and one-mile runs. Endurance and speed are necessary in these races.

 

c.long distance race

These include all distances greater than a mile such as 3000, 5000, and 10000 meters, marathon and 3000- meter steeplechase.

 

d.relay race

These races are performed by teams of four members each. They run individually one after another, holding a baton that is passed from first up to the fourth player.

 

 

e.hurdles

Hurdles races are footraces in which runners must jump over 10 barriers.

 

DEFINITION OF FIELD EVENTS

•jumping and throwing

 

a.Long Jumps

It is formerly known as Broad Jump. And it is performed with a single jump, landing on a pit of sand that is designed for the purpose. The distance is measured at the nearest mark where the athlete landed.

 

b.Triple Jumps

It also makes use of the pit of sand in landing. The combination of triple jumps is hop-step-jump. The athlete lands on both feet.

 

c.High Jumps

The high jump is a track and field event in which competitors must jump unaided over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without dislodging it.

d.Pole Vault

The landing surface is a pad cushioned with a rubber foam. For both events, a crossbar helps up on either side by post (uprights) must be cleared. The jumpers must knock off the crossbar, and knocking off the crossbar eliminates the jumper. The contest involves jumping at higher heights that the crossbar.

e. discus throw

g.Javelin Throw

The javelin throw is a track and field event where the javelin, a spear about 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) in length, is thrown. It is a light hollow circular metal shaft tapered at both ends with a sharp metal point. Javelin thrown from a run prior to a foul line.

h.Shot Put

It is an athletic contest in which a very heavy round ball is thrown as far as possible.

History of Table Tennis and Badminton

 

BADMINTON

• It was formerly called Poona. It originated in India. In the 1860s, the British army brought and introduced this sport to England. It was called badminton because dukes and minister of the Royals courts played badminton in the early 1870s in a place called Badminton.

 

TABLE TENNIS

It was invented in England during the 19th century. It is played on a full-sized table-tennis table. The table measure 9 feet by 5 feet and with a height of 3.5 feet. It is divided by a 6-inch-high net. The ball used comes in different colors, and it is made of light celluloid or plastic metal. The rackets or bats being used, may be of any shape, size, and weight. They must have a thin wooden blade, which are usually padded with rubber materials

Table tennis, otherwise known as Ping-pong, is a sport in which in which two or four players hit a lightweight, hollow ball back and forth using table tennis rackets. The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net. Play is fast and demands quick reactions. A skilled player can perform several varieties of spin of the ball, limiting an opponent’s options to great advantage. Since 1988, table tennis has been an Olympic Sport with copious event categories such as: men’s singles, women’s single, men’s doubles, and women’s doubles. The doubles, however, were replaced by the team events in 2008.

 

 

• Basic Skills in Playing Badminton and Table Tennis

BACKHAND SERVICE

It is the action for the service is a push and not a hit, which gives added control over the shuttle.

 

FOREHAND SERVICE

Stand in a forward stride position behind the baseline with your left shoulder pointing toward the target and your weight on your back foot. The ball is in your left hand, and that arm is extended toward the net.

 

FOREHAND SHO

The arm action is a push forward, using a firm wrist and bent arm.

 

DROP SHO

It is an overhead stroke from the rear court to the opponent’s forecourt.

 

DROP

The shuttle stays in the air longer.

 

SMASH

It is a hot with power and speed downward to the opponent’s court.

 

• Different Hand Grips of Table Tennis

 

 

 

JAPANESE AND KOREAN PENHOLD GRIP

The difference between the Korean grip and Chinese grip is that the fingers on the back of the bat are straightened rather than curled.

 

SEE MILLER GRIP

The combination of handshake and Penhold grips. The only difference is that the thumb and fore finger grip of the sides of the bat.

 

THE HANDSHAKE GRIP

Most table tennis players use the handshake grip. If performing the grip, grasp the bat like shaking hands with the handle, with your pointing finger across the bottom of one side of the blade. The other three fingers grip the handle and the thumb rest along the lower part of the other side of the blade.

 

CHINESE PENHOLD GRIP

It is like holding a pen between the thumb and forefinger.

Definition of Sports

  • Sports is an activity that involves physical action and skill where individuals or teams compete under specific rules and regulations.

  • Sports can be played individually, in pairs, or in teams, promoting discipline, self-confidence, and focus.

Types of Sports

  1. Individual Sports: Competitions played by a single player against another, including track and field events.

  2. Dual Sports: Involving two allied players opposing another pair, such as in racket sports (e.g., badminton, tennis).

Track Events: Includes sprints, middle distance races, long distance races, relay races, and hurdles.

Field Events: Includes jumping events (long jump, high jump, triple jump, pole vault) and throwing events (discus throw, javelin throw, shot put).