Test for Cellular Respiration

  • What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
    A) Establishment of a proton gradient

  • In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate:
    B) 2 molecules of ATP are used and 4 molecules of ATP are produced

  • In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP?
    D) Energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase

  • Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II?
    D) The electron vacancies in P680 are filled by electrons derived from water

  • The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to:
    B) Act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water

  • During aerobic respiration, which of the following directly donates electrons to the electron transport chain at the lowest energy level?
    E) FADH2

  • Which of the following is likely to lead to an increase in the concentration of ATP in a cell?
    B) An increase in a cell's catabolic activity

  • What wavelength of light is most effective in driving photosynthesis?
    A) 420 nm

  • Why are the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis different?
    D) Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a

  • The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process?
    B) Accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain

  • In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?
    D) A and C: Thylakoid membrane & Plasma membrane

  • Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
    A) Stroma of the chloroplast

  • Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by preventing the formation of:
    B) 3-phosphoglycerate molecules

  • Which metabolic pathway is common to both cellular respiration and fermentation?
    D) Glycolysis

  • Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?
    B) They use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO2

  • What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?
    C) ATP and NADPH

  • The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by:
    A) Substrate-level phosphorylation

  • The molecule that functions as the reducing agent (electron donor) in a redox reaction:
    B) Loses electrons and loses energy

  • Which of the following is an example of potential rather than kinetic energy?
    D) A food molecule made up of energy-rich macromolecules

  • When a molecule of NAD+ gains a hydrogen atom (not a hydrogen ion), the molecule becomes:
    C) Reduced

  • What is proton-motive force?
    B) The transmembrane proton concentration gradient

  • CAM plants keep stomata closed during the day, reducing water loss, because they:
    Fix CO2 into organic acids at night

  • A molecule that is phosphorylated:
    Has an increased chemical reactivity and is primed to do cellular work

  • Which process in eukaryotic cells proceeds normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?
    Glycolysis

  • In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells obtain energy by fermentation, producing:
    ATP, CO2, and ethanol

  • The ATP made during fermentation is generated by:
    Substrate-level phosphorylation

  • Where are the molecules of the electron transport chain found in plant cells?
    Thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts

  • Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during:
    Both photosynthesis and respiration

  • Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
    H2O → NADPH → Calvin cycle

  • How many carbon atoms enter the citric acid cycle from one pyruvate?
    2

  • Synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during:
    Both photosynthesis and respiration

  • During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence?
    Citric acid cycle → NADH → Electron transport chain → Oxygen

  • Reduction of NADP+ occurs during:
    Photosynthesis

  • When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane into the intermembrane space, the result is:
    Creation of a proton gradient

  • In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?
    Harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll