classification of fungi: unit 4, Chapter 22
5 phyla of fungi
- Chytridiomycota
- Zygomycota
- Ascomycota
Chytridiomycota
- Chytridiomycetes ( only class)
- Simplest and most primitive (500 MYA)
- Most unicellular - some multicellular
- Only fungi with flagella (both male and female gametes)
- Most aquatic environments
- Some parsitice species - plants, insects, amphibians
Zygomycota - conjugation fungi
- Most are saprobes
- Ex. black bread mold
- Used in industry - semi-synthetic steroid hormones
- Coenocytic (“aseptate”) hyphae
- Usually asexual reproduction - sporangia - sporangiospores
- Sexual reproduction - conjugation
- Need 2 opposing mating strads (type + and Type -)
- Zygosporse
Glomeromycota
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal - plant roots
- Cannot survive without plant roots.
Ascomycota - sac fungi
- ascus : sac like structure contains haploid ascospores
- Septate hyphae
- Economic importance - food yeast parasites
- Morels
- Penicillin
- reproduction’
- Asexual - conidiophores produce conidiospores
- Sexual reproduction
- Male strain - antheridium
- Female strain - ascogonium
- Asci fill ascocarp (fruiting body)
Basidiomycota - club fungi
- Basidia - club like (sexual) spore-forming structures
- Septate hyphae
- Most produce large fruiting body
- Most common mushrooms (grilled mushrooms), shelf fungi. Smuts and rusts
- Reproduction - alternation of generations
- Haploid and dilj