Module 2 - Java Semantics and Syntax

Introduction to Java Programming

2.1 Introduction to Java

• Assumed Prior Knowledge: This course builds upon familiarity with basic programming concepts in a high-level language, including:

  • Variables

  • Loops

  • Conditional statements

  • Functions

• Course Focus: While some concepts will be briefly reviewed, the primary goal is to delve into more advanced topics and techniques, leveraging existing foundational knowledge.

• Recommendation for New Programmers: Individuals new to programming should first review introductory resources to establish a solid foundation.

• Initial Approach: The chapter begins with a simple Java program to illustrate its structure and execution.

• **Core Programming Constructs (Common to Most Languages) to be Covered:

  • Data types

  • Reading user input

  • Displaying text output

  • Expressions and Statements

  • Conditionals

• **Unique and Powerful Java Features:

  • Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): A cornerstone of modern software development, Java offers strong support for OOP.

    • Four Main Principles of OOP: Encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

    • Benefits of OOP: Enables the design of robust, modular, and reusable code.

  • Hands-on Learning: Practical examples will be used to demonstrate:

    • Creating and working with classes and objects (the fundamental building blocks of Java programs).

    • Advanced features like interfaces, abstract classes, and the use of packages for efficient code organization.

  • Problem Solving: Java's OOP features facilitate solving complex problems by modeling real-world systems, ensuring code flexibility and maintainability.

2.2 Choosing the Right Tool

2.2.1 Why Learn Another Programming Language?

• **Python (Representative of Dynamic Languages):

  • Characteristics: Sparse and clear syntax, consistent underlying model for objects and variables, allows creation of powerful programs with less effort. Considered an