INORGANIC CHEM
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE OTHER NAMES: agua oxinada, agua oxigenada, oxygenated acid
H202 USE: VINCENT STOMATITIS, a gum disease
H2O2 prolonged use: black hairy tongue, hairy tongue
h202 available strength: 1%- 3.3 vol.. 3%- 10 vol.. 6%-20 vol.. 9%- 30 vol.. 30%- 100 vol
what element has amphoteric properties?: al, be, zn, cu, sn, pb, h2o
most weak and acidic acid: wa- HF. most acidic- HI
least and most basic: least- LiOH, most basic- KOH
Lightest metal- Lithium
Lithium other name: earth, rock, stone
Li discoverer: JA Arfvedson
Li ID test, + result : flame test, carmine red
Li storage: under oil coated with petrolatum
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) SODIUM: yellow, nil
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) POTASSIUM: violet, crimson red
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) Li: carmine red, purple
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) Sr: brick red, light green
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) Ba: crimson red, purple
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) Borate, cupric: Yellow green, blue-green
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) Tl, P: Green
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) Pb, As, Bi, At, Cuprous: blue
(FT, NL FLAME, COBALT GLASS) ammonium: colorless
Only metal that has a higher boiling point compared to water: Li
Li BP: 1,242 C
Li Pharmacologic use: mood stabilizing agent
Li DOC: tx and prevention of bipolar disorder, diuretic
Li as diuretic causes: hyponatremia
Li non pharmacologic action: heat exchange in aircon
Li Carbonate, Li Citrate Tablet: Capsule, ER tablet: Litane; eskalin; quilonium-R
widely used in the prophylaxis and tx of bipolar disorder: Li caarbonate/ Li citrate
last line therapy of mania: li citrate, li carbonate
depressant: li bromide
aka lithia: lithium oxide
used in ceramic glazes: li oxide
used in welding flux in al and ceramics: LiF
Aka lithalue, litholite, stanivor: li stearate
used as lubricant, cosmetics as anticaking, opacifying and binding agent: li stearate
used as attractive choice for space flight: LiOH
aka sodium ethanoate: sodium acetate
used as urinary and systemic alkalizer vs metabolic acidosis, diuretic, antacid
aka baking soda: sodium bicarbonate
used as systemic antacid, carbonating agent: sodium bicarbonate
forms as decahydrate, sesquihydrate, anhydrous: sodium carbonate
trina, urao: sodium carbonate, sesquihydrate
soda ash, calcined soda, anhydrous na2co3: sodium carbonate, anhydrous
washing soda, sal soda, crystal soda: sodium carbonate decahydrate
antacid, carbonating agent, component of lotion and dermatitis: sodium carbonate
aka monobasic phosphate: sodium dihydrogen phosphate
used as cathartic, source of phosphate: sodium dihydrogen phosphate
aka solar salt, rock salt, table salt, sea salt, dendritic salt, halite: sodium chloride
used as electrolyre replinesher, tonicity adjuster, condiments, preservative: sodium chloride
used as, in vitro; anticoagulant, in vivo; coagulant.: sodium citrate
used as alkalizer, buffer, diuretic, expectorant: sodium citrate
used as anticariogenic 2% solution, and as a stimulator of bone formation: NaF
chronic ingestion of this will cause dental fluorosis or mottled enamel: NaF
aka Dakin’s solution or chlorox: sodium hypochlorite
used as disinfectant, oxidizing, bleaching agent: sodium hypochlorite
used as solubilizer of iodine, expectorant,, antifungal, and treatment of goiter: sodium iodide
aka salitre in philippine market: sodium nitrite
used as vasodilator, preservative, and treatment of cyanide poisoning: sodium nitrite
aka chile salt peter: sodium nitrite
aka glauber’s salt, sal mirabile: sodium sulfate
used as saline cathartic, drying agent for organic solvents: sodium sulfate
used as laxative, diuretic and primary standard for karl fischer method: sodium tartrate
aka photographer’s hypo, hypochlor, and prismatic rice: sodium thiosulfate
used as chemical antidote in cyanide poisoning, management of iodine toxicity (converts iodine to harmless iodine): sodium thiosulfate
this is co administered with cisplatin to protect kidney for renal damage: sodium thiosulfate
aka caustic soda, sosa, lye, liquid sosa: sodium hydroxide
this is used for hard / bar soap: sodium hydroxide
this is used for liquid/ soft soap: Potassium
aka borax: sodium borate
component of Dobell’s solution: NA bicarbonate NA borate, phenOL glycerOL
dobell’s solution is used as: astringent, antiseptic
toxicity is boiled-lobster appearance: boric acid
aka potash: potassium
low potassium can cause: diarrhea, burns, muscle weakness
what is added for glass modification that gives brown, and light resistant glass: K+ ion
what is added for glass modification that gives blue green color of fe: MnO2
what is added for glass modification that decreases coefficient of expansion: boron/ borates
what is added for glass modification that increases refractive index: lead
Potassium bitartrate: aka cream of tartar, cream of argol acid
Potassium bitartrate: used as saline laxative, ingredient in baking powder to raise dough
Potassium chloride: aka kalium durules
: preferrred salrtr for the correction of hyponatremia
: lethal injection is rapid iv push and iv colus
: it is present in darrow’s solution
aka lactated potassium saline
Lactated potassium saline: Na lactate, Kcl, NaCl
Ringer’s solution: Nacl, KCl, CaCl2
Lactated Ringer’s solution: Nacl, KCl, CaCl2, Na lactate
Potassium Hydroxide: aka caustic potash, lye potash
: component of cuticle remover
Vienna’s paste: eschartotic preparation of KOH and Ca(OH)2
Potassium Bromide: depressant, used in the preparation for samples of infrared analysis
potassium permanganate: aka mineral chameleon, condy’s crystal
: used as oxidizing agent, antiseptic at 0.01%-1% and as VS in permanganometry as indicator
Potassium sodium tartrate: aka rochelle’s salt, sal signette
: used as cathartic, sequestering agent
Sulfurated potash + ZnSo4 = ZnS
Zinc sulfide aka white sulfide
-api of white lotion
-vs. psoriasis
-silvery white, shiny, mica scales/ micaceous scales
potassium nitrate: aka saltpeter
-used in tooth desensetizing agent (found in sensodyne in 5% KNO3)
Chile salt peter: NaNO3 - sodium nitrate
Salt of Peter: K2Co3- Potassium carbonate
Salt peter: KNO3- potassium nitrate
Ammonium- hypothetical alkali metal
-conjugate acid of NH3 (ammonia)
-produced by Haber’s process, tested with Nessler’s reagent
General use of ammonium: diuretic, expectorant, anticariogenic, buffer, and mild alkanizer
Ammonium acetate: aka spirit of minderesus
-used as styptic (prevents bleeding)
ammonium carbonate: aka sal volatile, hartsthorn, preston salt, baker’s ammonia
-used as expectorant, antacid, respiratory stimulant, ingredient of ammonia spirit
ammonia spirit is made up of: spirit of harthstorn, spirit of sal volatile
ammonium chloride: aka sal ammoniac, chloramine, muriate of ammonia
used as: expectorant, diuretic, and urinary acidifier
ammoniated mercury: aka white precipitate
used as topical anti infective
16 degree ammonia: aka degree’s baume
contains 10 % NH3
rubidium- is used as Rb 82 injection (rubidium chloride)
it is a cardiogen vs. suspected MI
Cesium- 1st element to be discovered via spectroscopy
Copper is the only reddish metal
copper: 3rd most malleable metal
: 2nd best conductor of heat and electricity
copper is a component of tyrosinase (tyrosine converts into melanin)
Copper deficiency is Menke’s syndrome, aka kinky hair syndrome
treatment: copper-histidine injection
copper toxicity: wilson’s disease, which has kayser’s fleischer rings
treatment: penicillamine (cuprimine)
cupric: yellow green
cuprous: blue