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Plastics and recon test

INTP Study Guide: Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery


πŸ”¬ 1. Skin Grafts & Tissue Types

Graft Type

Description

Autograft

Skin from the patient's own body βœ…

Allograft

Skin from a donor of the same species βœ…

Xenograft

Skin from a different species βœ…

Composite Graft

Transplant with multiple tissue types βœ…

FTSG (Full Thickness)

Includes epidermis + all dermis βœ…

STSG (Split Thickness)

Includes epidermis + partial dermis βœ…


πŸ›  2. Instruments & Uses

Instrument

Function

Iris Scissors

Not limited to Oculoplastic surgery ❌

Areola Marker

Used with surgical ink or dye for nipple placement

Skin Hook

Gently retract skin edges βœ…

Adson Brown

Atraumatic tissue handling βœ…

Adson with Teeth

For skin closure (traumatic) βœ…

Dermatome

Harvests skin slices for grafts βœ…

Derma Mesher

Creates mesh patterns in skin graft βœ…

Myerding Finger Retractor

Found in facelift, abdominoplasty, blepharoplasty βœ…


βš™ 3. Surgical Techniques

Method

Description

Tissue Expansion

Stretch skin gradually using implanted balloon βœ…

Free Flap

Tissue moved with reconnected blood supply ❌ (was mismatched)

Local Flap

Nearby tissue, original blood supply intact ❌

Skin Graft

Tissue removed + placed with no vascular supply βœ…

βœ… Free Flap = transferred from different site with reconnection
βœ… Local Flap = tissue moved but keeps original blood flow


πŸ’‰ 4. Anesthesia & Tumescent

  • Tumescent Solution:
    ➀ Saline + Epinephrine (+ Lidocaine)
    ➀ Used in Liposuction & Breast Augmentation
    ➀ Minimizes bleeding, pain, and improves fat removal


πŸ§β€β™€ 5. Cosmetic & Reconstructive Procedures

Procedure

Purpose

Plastic Surgery (overall)

Restore appearance or function βœ…

Reconstructive Surgery

Restore form and function after injury/disease βœ…

Cheiloplasty

Repair cleft lip βœ…

Blepharoplasty

Eyelid lift – removes excess skin/fat βœ…

Rhytidectomy

Facelift βœ…

Mentoplasty

Chin reshaping βœ…

Mastopexy

Breast lift ("anchor technique") βœ…

Augmentation Mammoplasty

Increases breast size βœ…

TRAM Flap

Uses abdominal tissue for breast reconstruction βœ…

Liposuction

Removes fat from targeted areas

Tummy Tuck (Abdominoplasty)

Removes excess skin, tightens abdomen

MOHs Surgery

Remove skin cancer while preserving healthy tissue βœ…


πŸ”₯ 6. Burns

  • 3rd Degree Burn (Eschar)
    ➀ Full thickness, affects skin + underlying structures
    ➀ Often requires grafting or reconstruction βœ…

  • Burn Reconstruction Goal
    ➀ Restore function + appearance βœ…


πŸ– 7. Functional Restoration

Area

Purpose

Hand Surgery

Restore function & appearance βœ…

Cleft Lip (Cheiloplasty)

Close congenital defect βœ…


πŸ“Œ 8. True/False Key Concepts

  • Iris scissors β†’ ❌ Not exclusive to oculoplastic surgery

  • Liposuction cannulas β†’ ❌ Can be disposable or reusable

  • Plastic surgery β†’ ❌ Not only cosmetic

  • Mammoplasty hook β†’ βœ… Used for dissection

  • Skin flap β†’ βœ… Vascularized coverage for wounds


🧠 9. Common Fill-in Answers

  • Dissector for face/breast: Metzenbaum scissors or facelift scissors

  • Liposuction: Used to loosen fat in targeted body areas

  • Reconstructive goal: Restore form + function

  • Ink/Marker with Freeman Areola Marker: Surgical marking ink or dye