Cell Structure and Function

Matching Cell Parts to Functions

• Mitochondria (c)
  • Function: Site of Cellular Respiration.
• Chloroplasts (g)
  • Function: Site of photosynthesis.
• Ribosomes (f)
  • Function: Makes proteins.
• Golgi Apparatus (a)
  • Function: Packages proteins.
• Nucleus (e)
  • Function: Controls daily operations.
• Cytoplasm (d)
  • Function: Gel-like fluid.
• Lysosomes (b)
  • Function: Destroying worn-out cell parts, cleaning.
• Cell Membrane (h)
  • Function: Controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Differences Between Animal and Plant Cells

1. Cell Wall: Plants contain a cell wall, while animal cells do not.
2. Organelles: Plants contain chloroplasts and a large central vacuole, whereas animal cells have lysosomes and centrioles.

Cell Theory

The three fundamental principles of Cell Theory:

1. All living things are made of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of life.
3. Cells come from pre-existing cells.

Development of Cell Theory

• Pivotal Tool: The microscope was crucial in the development of cell theory, allowing scientists to observe cells.

Classification of Cells

Prokaryotic Cells:

• Characteristics:
  • No membrane-bound organelles.
  • Bacteria.
  • Smaller and simpler.

Eukaryotic Cells:

• Characteristics:
  • Contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
  • Plants and Animals.
  • Larger and more complex.

Summary of Cell Transport Table

• Prokaryotic: Bacteria, no membrane-bound organelles, smaller and simpler.
• Eukaryotic: Contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, including plants and animals; larger and complex.