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james lange theory- emotions come from our awareness of our bodily responses to emotion arousing stimuli

• stimuli → arousal → emotion
• we observe our heart racing after a threat and then feel afraid
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Cannon Bard theory - emotion causing stimuli trigger our bodily responses and simultaneous subjective experience

• our hearts races at the same time as we feel afraid
• The Cannon-Bard theory suggests emotional and physiological responses happen at the same time and independently of each other in response to a stimulus. This theory proposes that emotions are not just the result of physiological responses, but both responses occur simultaneously and independently.

Schacter- Singer - our experience of emotion depends on 2 factors, arousal and the conscious cognitive label.

• we can interpret our arousal as fear or excitement depending on the context.

Zajonc; leDoux- some responses happen instantly without the conscious appraisal

• we automatically feel startled by a sound in the forest before we lablel it as a threat

Lazarus- cognitive appraisal (“dangerous or not”) sometimes without ur awareness definds emotion

• it is not “just the wind”