A sore in the stomach/duodenum lining
==Cause==: a weakened mucus layer (used for acidic protection)– the tissue is then exposed to gastric gases
@@Symptoms@@: abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, loss of appetite
Treatment$$Treatment$$: antibiotics, meds to reduce acidity, no alcohol or smoking
Chronic (meaning long-lasting) inflammation in the intestines
==Cause==: No known cause, possibly a defective immune system
Treatment$$Treatment$$: A special diet and prescribed medication
Crohn’s disease: Anywhere in the alimentary canal
@@Symptoms@@: Thinner bone/muscle development
Ulcerative Colitis: IBD in the large intestine
@@Symptoms@@: Bloody stools, cramps, abdominal pain
Stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, slow bowel movements of 2-3 per week, small/dry stools
==Cause==: Not enough water, weak nerve/muscle movement, not enough fibre, lack of exercise
Hepatitis A, B, and C
Liver inflammation
==Cause==: Caused by a viral infection
Types:
%%Hepatitis A%%: Caused through contaminated water
%%Hepatitis B%%: Caused through sexual contact (needs vaccine protection)
%%Hepatitis C%%: Caused through blood contact
Chronic illness, scar tissue starts to replace healthy tissue
==Cause==: Alcoholism, Hepatitis C
May result in liver failure
Cholesterol begins to form crystals in the gallbladder, soon growing into small/solid masses
Treatment$$Treatment$$: Ultrasound shock waves, medication, removal of gallbladder
Chronic illness, cells can’t make glucose
==Cause==: lack of insulin in the bloodstream
Types:
%%Type 1 Diabetes%%: An auto-immune disease, the pancreas stops producing an adequate amount of insulin (child–young adult)
%%Type 2 Diabetes%%: Caused by a lack of exercise, sometimes obesity (adult–)
%%Gestational Diabetes%%: Pancreas unable to produce enough insulin during pregnancy
Possibly 5 Types, according to a Swedish Study in 2018
Cluster 1: Severe autoimmune diabetes (also known as Type 1)
Cluster 2: Severe insulin-deficiency
Cluster 3: Severe insulin resistant
Cluster 4: Mild-obesity related
Cluster 5: Mild-age related
Treatment:
Daily insulin injections/insulin sprays, expensive
%%Trijardy%%: 3 medications prescribed for Type 2
Metformin, Empagliflozin, and Linagliptin
%%Rybelsus%%: Hormonal injection of glucagon (similar hormone to peptide), it stops the liver from producing an excess amount of sugar and helps the pancreas to make more insulin
However, it risks creating thyroid tumours
A procedure in which an instrument is introduced into the body to give a view of its internal parts.
A camera and light are attached to a tube that’s slowly sent down the alimentary canal
The process can confirm medical problems, observe illness difficult to see through a x-ray, and allows for doctors to visually see the inner lining
Chapter 10.3 Digestive Disorders
Hepatitis A, B, and C
A procedure in which an instrument is introduced into the body to give a view of its internal parts.