Parenting grade 11

FAMILY: 

• Decision to have a baby – How would one know they are ready? The process of shaping and molding a childs attitudes and behaviours overtime.

  •   Effective Discipline: Promotes growth, Enhances self concept, Kids become accountable, Understand   rules/expectations. 

  •     Fix up - if a child causes trouble or hurts another child, expect them to fix the situation. 

  • Ex. they break a toy, ask to help fix it


  1. Ignore the attention seeking misbehavior- if attention is aimed at getting attention - ignore it 

  2. Be firm- speak in a tone that lets your child know that your serious. This does not mean yelling 

  3. Stay in control- be balanced in your embitons. Act before the situation gets out of control. 


  • If you and your partner are ready to start having a child make sure you are financially, emotionally, physically and mentally ready. Make sure you and your partner discuss the new life you will have and the adjustments you will need to make like your work schedules. 


• The role of communication in the family, 

  • The role of communication in the family is very important because with no communication there are no boundaries or limits set. When going through a hard time you won't be able to overcome it if you and your family arent communicating. 

-Newborns learn how to communicate before they can talk. They do this by

                      crying or fussing to express how they are feeling.

  • One way communication occurs when one person is talking or sending out messages, but no one answers. For example: Lectures, radio.


    • Two- way communication is communication with feedback. Information is

    • being given and received.




• : expectations, religious values.



 • Types of parenting styles /approaches -permissive, democratic, authoritarian,  jelly fish, back bone, what are the advantages and disadvantages, how parents  respond to different situations when faced with challenges depending on the  parenting style they exhibit, examples of misbehavior. 



Permissive- let kids do whatever w no boundaries, consequences is up to kids .

Democratic- based on respect for both child & parent, 

Authoritarian(brick wall)- too many rules, strict. 

Authoritative(back bone): mix of permissive and authoritarian. Rules and boundaries


Brick wall: r inflexible and controlling & use disciplinary parenting styles.

jellyfish : Anything goes, and limits to acceptable behaviour r not clear.

Backbone: flexibility mizes w limits. Child develops a sense of right and wrong and enables kids to to think for themselves. 



• Parenting Skills – understanding, good decision maker, etc.  

  • Education, Set boundaries, Be a good role model, Behavior management, Consistency

Dedicate time to your kids,Discipline, Flexibility, Honest, Flexible, Understanding, Loving



• Types of family units: nuclear etc. 

  • Nucleur- 2 parents & their one or more biological or adopted kids living together

  • Extended- composed of parents, kids, aunts, uncles, grandparents & other blood relations who may or may not live together

  • Blended, recombined, reconstructed- composed of parents who r divorced or separated(either through death or separation) and who have remained & formed a new family where kids from 1 or both 1st marriages & or from the remarriage.

  • Childless families- a couple

  • Lone parent- parent/ guardian with a child or kids

  • Cohabitation couples and common law marriages- consistsconsist of family arrangements that resemble other forms, but without a legalized marriage.

  • Gay & les- same-sex parents/ guardians who have kids

  • Adoptive- consists of non biological parents raising a child as their own

  • Foster- families that take care of kids temporarily until the kids can return to their biological parents. 


• Role of parents, caregivers, and guardians. 

  • Parents must lead, manage and provide loving care

  • Parents show leadership by making decisions based on their values

  • Provide communication

  • Successful leaders use diplomacy, tact and skill

  • Family decisions r endless and require skill, confidence and understanding,

  • Parents are responsible for teaching morality to their children.


TEENAGERS: 

• Pressures and social concerns: 

                            social pressures: teens live in a society that promotes sexual activity

                            Pressure from peers: peers may pressure each other to have sex

                            Pressure from partners: “Everyone is doing it” “ifIf you love me you will” 


 body image: a teens self-identity reflects how they view themselves and is influenced by a number of factors. social media and TV shows influence body image. 


 Stress: Stress is your mind and body’s response or reaction to a real or imagined threat, event or change. The threat, event or change are commonly called stressor. Stressors can be internal(thoughts, beliefs, attitudes or external)

Teen stress is when a teen is under stress and pressure. The way that they respond to it is the actual issue, teen stress can cause eating disorders, depression, social/physical/emotional changes & even suicide. 

Most teens experience more stress when they perceive a situation as dangerous difficut, or painful and they do not have the resources to cope. Ex. exams. 

When a teen is stressed things like increased heart rate, stomach aches, headaches, and chest pains.

 Bullying: behaviour directed at a specific person usaully w someone they know, bullies may act alone or in groups. 

Physical bullying: hitting, kicking, taking or damaging property, or blocking someone's way are some of the ways that physical bullies act. This type of bullying is most visible.

Verbal bullying: name calling, insulting, constant teasing and threats are examples of verbal bullying. 

Relational Bullying: Convincing peers to exclude someone, or spreading rumours about some other forms of bullying that r least visible. 

Mental health: how u think, feel and act in your everyday life, infliuinfluencesnces how u handle stress and make decisions and relate to other ppl. 

Child abuse: when a parent/caregiver whether through action or failing to act, causes injury, death, or harm/ris. Of serious harm to a child.

Sexual abuse: happens when a child is raped or forced to commit a sexual act. But negativeits also any sort of sexual contact with a child. 


                     Neglect: an action or inaction on the part of the caregiver that causes a child physical or emotional harm. Ex. withholding food.  


              Emotional abuse: can have a negetive effect on a child’s emotional development, and sense of worth. Ignoring a child or withholding love, support, or guidance is considered emotional abuse. 



mental illness: 

 Psychological concerns: may become involved in substance abuse. Fall into a state of depression, may become violent/angry, may have an attitude unable to handle stress. 

Emotional concerns: Loss of connection with peers or family, withdrawal from many events(school, family), show feelings of unhappiness. 


Risk factors for suicide: bullying behaviour emotional stress, family conflict. 


 How others perceive them, behaviours. How parents would handle these situations.  

• Abstinence, pressures. 


Interactions: (5-13)

Swimming lessons- Intellectual development, social, physical, 

painting - social, intellectual, physical. 


• Large and small motor skills – examples.  

  • Can carry a few toys at a time

  • Throw a ball

  • Makes dots & scribbles 

  • Can put small objects in their proper place. 


• Babies cry, control muscles, hands, head, and crawl.



HUMAN REPRODUCTION: 

• Infertility- infertility is when you struggle to get pregnant. You can go through rounds of IVF. Maybeof because physical structure or health of the body or stress 

• Life being sacred- 

religious values. 

Abortion

• Why do people make these choices? 

  • Pregnancy occurs in the wrong place & time.

  • unplanned/unexpected. 

  • Lack of help

  • Not financially, mentally or physically ready 

  • Being influenced 

  • Age 

  • Cultural issue. 

  • May abort females bc they want a male to carry on the family name. 

If a woman has a hard time getting pregnant a women can use any infertility drug. 

BIRTH AND PREGNANCY: 

• Indicators of pregnancy -morning sickness, fatigue, food cravings. 


                                Placenta:  

The placenta passes oxygen, nutrients and antibodies from your    blood to your baby


  • Breech delivery- a delivery in which a baby is born with the feet or butt first (creates a lack of oxygen)


• The dangers of smoking, other risk factors and dangers. 

  • Harms the baby

  • Preterm labour

  • released risk of birth defects such as cleft lip and cleft palate.


• Cesarean section – What is it, and why is done?: (C-section) is the surgical delivery of a baby through incisions in the mother's abdominal wall and uterus. C-sections can help women who are at risk for problems 

• Preeclampsia – What is it? - one high blood pressure (hypertension) disorder that can occur during pregnancy.

• Abstinence - not having any sex for some time. 


• Fertility drugs, smoking 

Smoking: tobacco can cause preterm labour & low birth weight 

Drugs: illegal drugs can and will harm the baby if not prescribed, can cause problems within the mother(blood pressure issues, placenta) ask your doctor or pharmacist about any medications that u take.


• Menstrual Cycle 28 days, 

Can pregnancy be pinpointed? Yes, missed period, fatigue, food cravings. 

How long does it last after giving birth? 


• Stages of labour: complications, possible scenarios.

  • Vaginal bleeding

  • Painful/burning urination

  • Severe vomiting

  •  Blurred vision/dizziness

  • Hemorrhoids (resulting from weight of baby -fruit, liquids)

  • Cravings: unhealthy items

  •  Unusual weight gain

  • Fever.


• Doctors specialize in delivering babies- Obstetrician. 

THEORIES AND THEORISTS: 

• Three disciplines: anthropology, psychology, and sociology - define


  • Sociology is the study of society. 

  • Anthropology is the study of Mankind and culture 

  • Psychology is the study of individual behaviour. 

Barbara Coloroso 1989:

Studied parenting issues, teaching, school discipline, conflict resolution and justice.

Transmitting cultural heritage to kids 

The expression mother tongue refers to the first language that you learn It is the language that a baby hears from birth.

Moral tales, folk tales, and family stories are often told to children to provide an understanding of their background and how things are done in a particular culture.

Another way of transmitting culture is music.