Federalist 2nd President. Led movement for independence. Negotiated the treaty of peace in the Revolutionary War.
Thomas Jefferson
Democratic-republican 3rd President. Attacking Federalist policies. Wrote the Declaration of Independence. Louisiana Purchase.
James Madison
Democratic-republican 4th President. Major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution. Federalist Papers. “Father of the Constitution.”
James Monroe
Democratic-republican 5th President. Negotiation of the Louisiana Purchase. Acquired Florida from Spain. Monroe Doctrine - opposed European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere.
Andrew Jackson
Democratic 7th President. A major general in the War of 1812. Paid off the national debt. Strengthened foreign relations. Gained Alabama.
Abraham Lincoln
Republican 16th President. Preserved the Union. Abolition of Slavery.
Woodrow Wilson
Democratic 28th President. Leader of the Progressive Movement. WW1 Leadership. Federal Reserve and Trade Commission. Clayton Antitrust Act.
Jefferson Davis
Confederate’s 1st and only President during the Civil War.
Abolitionist
Frederick Douglass
Abolitionist. Escaped from slavery. National leader of the abolitionist movement. The book “The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass.”
William Lloyd Garrison
Abolitionist. Anti-slavery newspaper, The Liberator.
John Brown
Abolitionist. Fought in Bleeding Kansas. Harpers Ferry raid, the largest Federal arsenal. Believed in aggressive action.
John Jay
Abolitionist and Federalist. First chief justice of the United States. Five Federalist Papers. Gradual Abolition Law - Children of slaves were to be free.
Angelina Grimke
Abolitionist. Women’s rights movement. Daughter of wealthy slave owner. Spoke publicly against slavery and gender norms.
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Abolitionist. Best-selling book “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” about anti-slavery.
Other Figures
Henry Clay
Whig. Authored the American system - the federal government should take an active role in the economy. Responsible for the Missouri Compromise.
John Locke
Whig. Founder of a school of thought known as British Empiricism. Three natural rights: Life, liberty, and property.
John C. Calhoun
Defender of slavery. United the South against the abolitionists’ attack on slavery. Opposing admittance of Oregon and California to the Union as free states.
John Marshall
Federalist Supreme Court Justice. Established the power and prestige of the judiciary department. Paved the way f or the expansion of the federal government.
Alexander Hamilton
Federalist. Fought in American Revolutionary War. Helped draft the Constitution. Served as the first secretary of the treasury. Federalist Papers.
Anne Hutchinson
Puritan. Changed male authority and gender roles. First women to fight publicly for religious freedom and for women’s rights. Broke the 5th Commandment and was banished from Massachusetts.
John Winthrop
Early Puritan leader. Created the basis for an established religion. Started the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Roger Williams
Puritan minister. Founded Providence Plantations (Rhode Island). Advocated for separation of church and state.
Sam Adams
Democratic-republican. Key role in the defense of colonial rights. Leader of the Sons of Liberty. Provoked the Boston Tea Party.
Benjamin Franklin
Democratic. Drafting the Declaration of Independence. Negotiated Treat of Paris. Signed all three documents that freed America from Britain. Lightning rod.
Jonathan Edwards
Democrat. Shaped the First Great Awakening, spirituality and religious devotions were revived.
Patrick Henry
Anti-federalist. Second Virginia Convention “Give me liberty, or give me death!”
William Penn
Quaker. Founded the Province of Pennsylvania, in which he made a place for freedom of religion.
Eugene Debs
Socialist. Founding member of the Industrial Workers of the World. Labor movement during WWI.