1. Distinguish between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition; photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs.

2. Describe the wavelike and particle-like behaviors of light. List the wavelengths of light that are most effective for photosynthesis. 

3. Describe the relationship between an action spectrum and an absorption spectrum. Explain why the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll differs from the action spectrum for photosynthesis.

4. Explain how chloroplast structure relates to its function. Indicate chloroplast location within plant cells.

5. Describe plant pigment chromatography and explain a Reference front (R_f)

6. Write a summary equation for photosynthesis and explain in general the two main stages of photosynthesis. Describe the fate of photosynthetic products.

7. Define oxidation and reduction. Explain the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis.

8. Describe the process of chemiosmosis. Explain how membrane structure is related to membrane function in chemiosmosis

9. Explain what happens when chlorophyll or accessory pigments absorb photons. List the components of a photosystem and explain their functions. Trace electron flow through photosystems I and II. Compare cyclic and noncyclic electron flow and explain the relationship between these components of the light reactions.

10. Summarize the carbon-fixing reactions of the Calvin cycle and describe changes that occur in the carbon skeletons of intermediates. Describe the role of ATP and NADPH in the Calvin cycle.

11. Describe what happens to rubisco when the oxygen concentration is much higher than carbon dioxide. Describe the major consequences of photorespiration. Describe two important

1. Light Reactions

What are they composed of?

Where do they occur?

What are the reactants and the products?

What molecules are used during these reactions (and what are their jobs)?

Know the role electrons make.

Know the processes involved.

What are the differences between linear and cyclical phosphorylation?

2. Light Independent Reactions/Calvin Cycle

Where do they occur?

What goes in?

What comes out?

3. Other Factors

Structure of a chloroplast

What is the difference between C3, C4 plants, and CAM plants?

What is photorespiration?

Know the various molecules used in photosynthesis.

The basics of chromatography.